Unit 5 Cellular Organization, Metabolism, & Feedback mechanisms

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10 Terms

1
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What is metabolism?
A complex web of multiple pathways and reversible reactions to meet the needs of a cell at any given moment.
2
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Define catabolic reactions.
Reactions that release energy by breaking down complex molecules into simpler compounds.
3
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What is the role of enzymes in chemical reactions?
Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions by acting as catalysts.
4
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What is activation energy?
The energy required to initiate a chemical reaction.
5
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How do enzymes affect activation energy?
Enzymes reduce the amount of activation energy needed for reactions.
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What are the two types of respiration?
Aerobic respiration (with oxygen) and anaerobic respiration (without oxygen).
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What is the Krebs Cycle?
A cyclical series of reactions in cellular respiration that produce a small amount of ATP and other energy-carrying molecules.
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What is ATP?
Adenosine triphosphate, the biological fuel used by cells for energy.
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Describe the Calvin Cycle.
A series of reactions in photosynthesis that convert carbon dioxide into glucose using products from light-dependent reactions.
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What is homeostasis?
A state of balance among all the body systems needed for survival and proper function.