pH and pKa

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Last updated 10:10 PM on 9/10/26
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13 Terms

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pKa

extent of ionization in H2O, indication of how strong the acid is

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smaller pKa

more acidic

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pKa formula

pKa = -log Ka

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Ka

acid dissociation constant

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pH

pH = -log [H+]

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Keq

Keq = [H3O+][A-] / [HA][H2O]

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log Ka

log Ka = log [H3O+] + log [A-] - log [HA] = pKa

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Henderson Hasselbach

pH = pKa + log [conj base]/[acid]

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pKa for base

pKa < 2 : not basic/acidic

pKa 4-6 : very weak base

pKa 8-10 : weak base

pKa > 12 : strong base

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if pH > pKa

acidic functional groups are primarily ionized, basic groups unionized

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if pH < pKa

acidic functional groups are primarily unionized, basic groups ionized

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quaternary ammonium functional groups

always 100% ionized

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non-electrolytes

always 100% unionized