Electrovalent, covalent and co-ordinate bonding

Flashcards for Electrovalent, covalent and co-ordinate bonding

Chemical Bond

The force of attraction between any two atoms in a molecule to maintain stability.

Electrovalent (Ionic) Bond

A bond formed through the transfer of one or more electrons from one atom to another.

Covalent (Molecular) Bond

A bond formed through the sharing of one, two, or three pairs of electrons between two atoms.

Coordinate (Dative) Bond

A bond where the shared electron pairs are contributed by only one of the combining atoms.

Cation

An atom that loses electron(s) and becomes a positively charged ion.

Anion

An atom that gains electron(s) and becomes a negatively charged ion.

Ion

A charged particle formed due to the gain or loss of one or more electrons by an atom.

Electropositive Element

An element whose atom readily loses electron(s) to form a positively charged ion.

Electronegative Element

An element whose atom readily accepts electron(s) to form a negatively charged ion.

Electrovalency

The number of electrons that an atom of an element loses or gains to form an electrovalent bond.

Redox Process

A process where the electropositive atom undergoes oxidation (loses electrons) while the electronegative atom undergoes reduction (gains electrons).

Covalent (Molecular) Bond

The chemical bond that is formed between two combining atoms by mutual sharing of one or more pairs of electrons.

Non-polar Covalent Compounds

Covalent compounds where the shared pair of electron(s) are equally distributed between the two atoms

Polar Covalent Compounds

Covalent compounds where the shared pair of electrons are not at equal distance between the two atoms, resulting in fractional positive and negative charges.

Dipole Molecule

A molecule that has both, slight positive and slight negative charge.

Covalency

The number of electrons of its atom taking part in the formation of shared pairs to attain stable electronic configuration.

Lone pair of electrons

A pair of electrons which is not shared with any other atom

Donor

The atom which provides the electron pair for the formation of a coordinate bond

Acceptor

The atom or ion sharing the donated electron pair