Assignment Questions Microbiology

Unsure if the questions are actually correct

An endotoxin is ________.

• indicative of a fungal infection

• indicative of gram-positive organisms

• indicative of viral infections

• secreted by pathogenic organisms

• indicative of gram-negative organisms

indicative of gram-positive organisms

Which factor might determine if you get sick from an infection when someone else might not?

• whether the microbe is gram-negative or gram-positive

• your general health

• your astrological sign

• your weight

your general health

Normal biota includes each of the following except ______.

• viruses

• protozoans

• bacteria

• fungi

all of choices are correct

The term infection refers to_______.

• microorganisms colonizing the body

• contact with microorganisms

• pathogens penetrating host defenses

• contact with pathogens

• none of these are correct

pathogens penetrating host defenses

The subjective evidence of disease sensed by the patient is termed an _____.

• inflammation

• pathology

• syndrome

• sign

• symptom

symptom

An inanimate object that harbors and transmits a pathogen is a _____.

fomite

Which of the following are virulence factors?

• toxins

• capsules

• enzymes

• all are correct

all are correct

Opportunistic pathogens ______.

• have well-developed virulence factors

• are always pathogens

• cause disease in every individual

• cause disease in compromised individuals

• none are correct

cause disease in compromised individuals

Most microbial exotoxins would be created using the process of _______. 

• mutation

• transcription and translation

• fatty acid synthesis

• DNA replication

When the resident microbiota prevents the establishment of a pathogen, it is called _____.

• disruption

• a superinfection

• microbial antagonism

• a nonliving reservoir

microbial antagonism

NCLEX: Clinical Application

An RN working in the labor and delivery unit of a hospital is caring for a mother in labor following pre-mature rupture of membranes. The mother is known to be a Hepatitis B carrier based on prenatal testing. The course of her labor has been prolonged but is now progressing rapidly. The RN prepares to assist with delivery.

Which of the following is the first exposure of the infant to environmental microbes?

• contact with healthcare workers

• breastfeeding

• passage through vaginal canal

• in utero

passage through vaginal canal

NCLEX: Clinical Application

An RN working in the labor and delivery unit of a hospital is caring for a mother in labor following pre-mature rupture of membranes. The mother is known to be a Hepatitis B carrier based on prenatal testing. The course of her labor has been prolonged but is now progressing rapidly. The RN prepares to assist with delivery.

The mother displays no evidence of active Hepatitis B disease and her carrier status was discovered with routine prenatal screening, Which term best describes her carrier status?

• asymptomatic carrier

• incubating carrier

• passive carrier

• convalescent carrier

asymptomatic carrier

NCLEX: Clinical Application

An RN working in the labor and delivery unit of a hospital is caring for a mother in labor following pre-mature rupture of membranes. The mother is known to be a Hepatitis B carrier based on prenatal testing. The course of her labor has been prolonged but is now progressing rapidly. The RN prepares to assist with delivery.

If an infant is exposed to Hepatitis B during delivery, which term best describes the pattern of transmission?

• vertical transmission

• horizontal transmission

• vector transmission

• indirect transmission

vertical transmission

An outbreak of staphylococcal food poisoning among individuals who attended a family reunion and ate the potato salad.

point source epidemic

The persistent cholera epidemic studied by John Snow in London during the mid-1050s, during which he traced the source to a sewage-contaminated community pump.

common source epidemic

An outbreak of measles among unvaccinated children in a large Amish community

propagated epidemic

Order the four stages in the course of an infection

1. prodromal stage

2. incubation period

3. convalescent period

4. acute phase

2, 1, 4, 3

Which of the following may be the result of colonization with a pathogenic microbe?

Check All That Apply

1. The pathogen does not attach to the host well and is cleared by the host.

2. The pathogen may multiply and cause infection, leading to possible disease.

3. The pathogen may reside as part of the resident microbiota in low numbers.

4. The pathogen must be cleared entirely from the body or it will lead to disease.

5. The presence of the pathogen will result in signs and symptoms that can be clinically diagnosed.

1, 2, 3

Which of the following may be members of the holobiont

• resident microbes

• pathogens

• transient microbes

• all

all

T/F

you may not always know you have been colonized by a microbe, but you will always know if it process to an infection