PHR 913 Block 1

5 steps of pharmacists care process

collect, assess, plan, implement, follow up: monitor and evaluate

SCHOLAR-MAC steps

Symptom, characteristic, history, onset, location, aggravating factors, remitting factors, medication, allergies, conditions

treatments for contact dermatitis

emollient, colloidal oatmeal, topical steroid

treatments for allergic contact dermatitis

hydrocortisone 1%, calamine, Burow's solution, collodial oatmeal, isotonic saline solution

diaper dermatisis

skin protestants, NO antibiotics, fungal, alagesics, steroids

fungal skin infections treatments

clotrimazole 1%

micronazole 2% cream and spray

terbinafine 1%

butenafine 1% (can cure faster)

tolnaftatte 1%

undecylenic acid 10%, 22%, 25%

astringent treatment

dandruff treatment

non-medicated shampoo

pyrithione zinc

selenium sulfide

ketoconazole (second line)

salicylic acid

sulfur

coal tar

seborrheic dermatitis treatment

baby oil (infants)

medicated shampoo

topic corticosteroids (hydrocortisone ointment)

psoriasis treatment

hydrocortisone 1 % ointment

wart treatments

salicylic acid

cryotherapy

acne treatments

benzoyl peroxide (first line)

adapalene (first line)

alpha- and beta- hydroxy acids

sulfur

sulfur/resorcinol

risk factors for irritant contact dermatitis

occupational

frequent hand washing

hairstylist

manufacturing

occlusion from diaper

risk factors for diaper dermatitis

tight fitting, rough diapers

infrequent diaper changes

occlusive covers

meds/foods that affect GI tract

products

risk factors for allergic contact dermatitis

plant exposure-outdoor activity

new detergent, soap, or skin care product

pathophysiology of irritant contact/diaper dermatitis

inflammatory reaction

pathophysiology of allergic dermatitis

allergic reaction, mostly urushiol

how often do you apply hydrocortisone 1% for allergic contact dermatitis?

3-4 times a day

how often do you apply an astringent compress for allergic contact dermatitis?

with burow's solution soak area for 15-30 minutes a day

with burow's solution soak a cloth in solution and apply to area for 20-30 minutes 4-6 times a day

how often do you apply a collodial oatmeal for allergic contact dermatitis?

soak 15-30 minutes up to 3 times a day

how often do you apply isotonic saline solution for allergic contact dermatitis?

apply each liberally for 20-30 minutes 3-4 times a day

pathogen of fungal skin infection

dermatophytes

pathophysiology of fungal skin infections

fungal growth exceeds normal cell turnover

risk factors of fungal skin infections

warm, moist, humid environments

immunocompromised

diabetes mellitus

poor hygiene

impaired circulation

ring worm

tinea corporis

athletes foot

tinea pedis

fungal infection on skin

tinea capitis

jock itch

tinea cruris

onychomycosis

Tinea unguium

the most common fungal infection

tinea pedis

which two fungal infections require systematic prescription treatment in addition to a topical treatment?

tinea capitis, and tinea unguium

destroys virus infected cells and irritates to elicit immune response

keratolytic

what percent salicylic acid should you use on hand?

17%

what percent salicylic acid should you use on foot (plantar)?

40%

which of the following is an appropriate nonprescription recommendation for allergic contact dermatitis?

a. topical anti-fungal (clotrimazole)

b. topical steroid (hydrocortisone)

c. topical antibiotic (neosporin)

d. topical anti-histamine (diphenhydramine)

e. topical anesthetic

topical steroid (hydrocortisone)

which of the following would require a medical referral for allergic contact dermatitis?

a. dermatitis has been present for a few days

b. involvement inside the mouth and nose

c. involvement of ~10% of body area

d. weeping blisters

e. a 3 year old patient

involvement inside the mouth and nose

which of the following is an appropriate non-pharmacologic measure to recommend for diaper dermatitis?

a. decrease the number of diaper changes

b. clean the diaper area every hour with antibacterial soap and water

c. use cloth diapers instead of disposable diapers

d. use baby wipes that contain alcohol to clean/dry out the area

e. increase the amount of time the affected area is exposed

increase the amount of time the affected area is exposed

which patient would be a candidate for self-treatment of diaper dermatitis?

a. 6 month old who presents with diaper dermatitis and has been experiencing fever and diarrhea

b. 5 month old who has reddened purple lesions present

c. 3 month old who presents with dermatitis that has spread past the diaper region

d. 4 month old who developed lesions with pus

e. 7 month old with areas of broken skin due to incessant scratching

b. 5 month old who has reddened purple lesions present

which of the following is an appropriate nonprescription medication to recommend for diaper dermatitis?

a. skin protectant (zinc oxide)

b. topical anesthetic (benzocaine)

c. topical antihistamine (benadryl: diphenhydramine)

d. topical antibiotic (neosporin)

skin protectant (zinc oxide)

the united states self-care marketplace currently includes 3 categories of products available for self-care use. which of the following is NOT one of those categories of products?

a. dietary supplements

b. nonprescription medications

c. complementary health therapies

d. prescription mediations

prescription medications

in 2015 study, pharmacists reported they often assisted in patient initiated self-care. the most frequent counseling activity they provided for patient's seeking self-care with nonprescription medications was:

a. dosing information about a product

b. product side effects and safety considerations

c. information on when to seek medical care

d. product selection based on patient symptoms

product selection based on patient symptoms

QuEST/SCHOLAR-MAC is a tool that helps pharmacist utilize the pharmacist patient care process efficiently during self-care encounters. the scholar mnemonic corresponds to this core step of the PPCP: ______

collect

this core step of the pharmacist partner care process includes presentation of a selected appropriate nonprescription product to the patient and providing education regarding its use

implement

specific information in outlined sections is required on a drug facts label. which fo the following is not a required section.

a. drug pregnancy category

b. inactive ingredients

c. uses

d. directions

drug pregnancy category

a typical treatment time for resolution of most fungal skin infections should be expected to take:

a. 7-10 days

b. 2-4 weeks

c. 2-4 months

d. 3-5 days

2-4 weeks

a patient with the following fungal skin infection should be referred to a primary care provider for treatment

a. tinea unguium (nail)

b. tinea corporis (body)

c. tinea cruris (groin)

d. tinea pedis (foot)

tinea unguium (nail)

which antifungal agent has potential to cure tinea pedis with one week of use?

a. tolnaftate

b. aluminum chloride

c. butenafine

d. clotrimazole

butenafine

which is the most common symptom a patient with a cutaneous fungal infection experiences?

a. hyperhidrosis

b. odor

c. fever

d. pruitus

pruitus

an astringent may be used to treat tinea pedis prior to an anti-fungal product in the following situation:

a. significant itching is present

b. nail involvement is present

c. scaling is present

d. weeping lesions are present

weeping lesions are present

which of the following is a common cause of scaly dermatoses?

a. staphylococcus

b. streptococcus

c. pseudomonas

d. malassezia

e. candida

malassezia

shampoos containing this ingredient should be avoided in patients with dermatitis

a. selenium sulfide

b. ketoconazole

c. pyrithione zinc

d. sodium lauryl sulfate

sodium lauryl sulfate

which of the following is not an important counseling point for a patient using a medicated shampoo to treat dandruff?

a. initially only use medicated shampoo once weekly to avoid skin irritation

b. patient should massage shampoo into scalp and leave on hair for 3-5 minutes

c. if using a product with selenium sulfide, ensure to rinse thoroughly because discoloration can occur

d. patient should rinse their hair at least twice after using a medicated shampoo

initially only use medicated shampoo once weekly to avoid skin irritation

which fo the following is the best option to treat inflammation associated with seboheic dermatitis and psoriasis?

a. hydrocortisone

b. salicylic acid

c. acetaminophen

d. ketoconazole

e. zinc oxide

hydrocortisone

which of the following would warrant a medical referral?

a. a patient with small, pin-point bleeding when removing scale

b. a patient with yellow, greasy lesions around nasolabial folds

c. a 5 year old patients

d. a patient asking for another treatment option after experiencing no improvement from what you gave her 2 weeks

a patient asking fo another treatment option after experiencing no improvement from what you gave her 2 weeks

warts are caused by:

a. staphylococcus aureus

b. HPV

c. HSV

d. toads or frogs

HPV

which of the following is an exclusion criteria for self-treatment of warts?

a. patients who have poorly controlled chronic diabetes

b. patients who previously self-treated a wart

c. patients presenting with plantar warts

d. patients who are < 12 years of age

patients who have poorly controlled chronic diabetes

which of the following is an appropriate counseling point for cryotherapy?

a. you may use a file lightly remove the surface of your plantar wart while using cryotherapy

b. do not apply cryotherapy directly to the wart itself. apply to the surrounding areas

c. self-treatment should not continue beyond a maximum of 8 treatments

d. save the applicator to use for subsequent treatments you may need, as many warts do not resolve after first treatment

you may use a file to lightly remove the surface of your plantar wart while using cryotherapy

hallmark characteristics of warts include:

a. yellowish thickening of the skin with diffuse boarders

b. rough cauliflower-like lesions

c. painful erythematous lesions that bleed easily

d. swollen and discolored demarcated lesions

rough cauliflower-like lesions

which of the following is not true regarding warts?

a. covering the wart with duct-tape can be used as add-on treatment

b. patients should keep their warts uncovered and exposed to air as much as possible

c. patients with uncomfortable plantar warts can use padding, such as wool or moleskin

d. patients should not share rocks or shoes because warts can spread

patients should keep their warts uncovered an exposed to air as much as possible

acne vulgaris found in all of the following body locations except:

a. back

b. legs

c. face

d. chest

legs

reducing consumption of this type of food in the diet may help reduce acne breakouts or severity:

a. food high in vitamin C

b. high saturated fat foods

c. foods that contain gluten

d. high glycemic index foods

high glycemic index foods

individuals who use this nonprescription acne product may notice worsening of their acne in the first few weeks because the product does not help reduce visible lesions:

a. sulfur

b. benzoyl peroxide

c. adapalene

d. hydroxy acids

adapalene

this nonprescription medication product should be avoided in children and teenagers who have flu-like symptoms due to risk of Reye's syndrome

a. glycolic acid

b. adapalene

c. resorcinol

d. salicylic acid

salicylic acid