RADI 108 Final Exam from Bomay's Review
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130 Terms
Where would your CR be for an RAO esophagus?
T5-T6
3 multiple choice options
When mixing barium, how many parts water to barium would you mix for thick barium?
1 to 4
3 multiple choice options
Which body type would have a stomach that sits low and vertical?
Hyposthenic
3 multiple choice options
What is the opening leaving the distal stomach called?
pyloric orifice
3 multiple choice options
What are the accessory organs of digestion?
salivary glands, liver, pancreas, gallbladder
2 multiple choice options
If a patient swallowed a barium sulfate and water mixture along with some air (gas pills) and was lying in an RAO position, where would the air and barium be located?
Air would be in the fundus, barium would be in the body and pylorus
2 multiple choice options
This is the cartilage that closes off the nasopharynx during swallowing
soft palate
3 multiple choice options
The abdominal segment of the esophagus is termed
Cardiac antrum
What is the correct order of the small bowel?
Duodenum, jejunum, ileum
2 multiple choice options
What is the name of the spot where the small and large bowels join
Ileocecal valve
3 multiple choice options
Which major part of the large intestine is the appendix attached to
Cecum
3 multiple choice options
An example of a radiolucent contrast medium would be:
Co2 gas crystals
When doing after films on an UGI using gastroview, what should your KVP be set at?
75-85
3 multiple choice options
When doing a BE, why should you be concerned if the patient had a colonoscopy within the same week?
The pt may have had a biopsy during the procedure
Small finger like projections located in the small intestine are termed what?
Villi
What position is the patient put into prior to insertion of the enema tip?
Sims
Digital fluoroscopy reads in what kind of mode?
Progessive
1 multiple choice option
What does an AP axial butterfly (BE) view demonstrate?
Sigmoid colon
3 multiple choice options
True or false: An ap axial view (BE) has a 25 degree cephalic angle.
False
If spasm occurs during a BE, what can be given to the patient intravenously (not added to barium) to help relax the bowel?
Glucagon
Approximately how high should the BE bag be hung over the table?
no more than 24 inches
3 multiple choice options
This is a twisting of a portion of the intestine on its own mesentery leading to an obstruction.
Volvulus
What is the range of mA for a fluoro tube?
.5-5mA
How much flux gain does a typical II have
50
3 multiple choice options
What is your flux gain if your number of xray photons at the input is 2 and the number of light photons at the output is 40?
20
3 multiple choice options
What is your minification gain if the diameter of your input screen is 20 and the output diameter is 5?
16
3 multiple choice options
True or false: Minification gain happens because the image is larger at the output phosphor and smaller at the input phosphor.
false
When you use your "mag" view in fluoro, what happens to pt dose?
increases
1 multiple choice option
True or false: The photocathode absorbs electrons and emits light, a process called photoemission
False
Which of the following would be the correct order for ordering exams?
nuc med, IVU, UGI
3 multiple choice options
What is the correct order when an xray beam hits the II?
Input, photocathode, focusing lenses, output
3 multiple choice options
If done properly, radiographs must be visualized under how many lux (best answer)?
750
3 multiple choice options
What is the name of the area of the kidney that serves to transmit the renal artery, vein, lymphatics, nerves, and ureters?
Hilum
3 multiple choice options
There are two endocrine glands that sit atop each kidney, what are these glands called?
Adrenal and suprarenal glands
3 multiple choice options
True or false: Because the kidneys are tightly attached within the abdominal cavity, they do not move much with the movements of the diaphragm.
False
Which kidney is usually lower than the other?
right
1 multiple choice option
If you have a pt. that is having an IVU whose mid-abdomen measurement is 30 cm. what would be your starting fulcrum level?
10
3 multiple choice options
True or false: The major difference between a nonionic contrast and an ionic contrast is that the nonionic does not contain iodine.
False
Which contrast has a higher osmoality, ionic or nonionic?
ionic
1 multiple choice option
Which of the following is within the normal range for creatinine levels?
1.2
3 multiple choice options
What is a common drug used for premedicating a pt prior to an injection?
Benadryl
3 multiple choice options
Why is it important to know if your pt. is on Glucophage? Best answer.
They need to stop taking their med after injection
There are two COMMON side effects that occur in just about everyone that is injected with a contrast, name one of them.
hot flash
3 multiple choice options
A common emergency drug used for reactions to contrast is.....
Epinephrine
3 multiple choice options
How many degrees do you rotate your pt for an oblique abdomen picture (full length) during an IVU?
30
3 multiple choice options
What is a bolus injection?
When the contrast is pushed through a syringe (entire dose at one time)
How many inches away from injection site should a tourniquet be placed?
3"-4" above
3 multiple choice options
True or false: The bevel of the needle should always face down when inserting.
False
Where is the trigone located?
bladder
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following categories of reactions to contrast is classified as life threatening?
vasovagal
What does retrograde refer to?
Against the normal flow
What is the most common injection site?
median cubital
3 multiple choice options
When doing an AP axial shot for a cystogram, what is your tube angle?
15 caudad
3 multiple choice options
How many degrees do you rotate your patient when doing an RPO cystogram picture?
45
3 multiple choice options
The type of tomographic movements that provide the maximum tomographic amplitude and the thinnest cuts are:
Trispiral and Hypocycloidal
What is the fulcrum?
pivot point for tomo
2 multiple choice options
What is the more common fulcrum system used in radiography?
Planographic principle
How many ccs of bile can the gallbladder store?
30-40
3 multiple choice options
The liver produces a large amount of bile per day, about how much does it produce?
1 quart
3 multiple choice options
What two ducts join to form the common bile duct?
common hepatic and cystic duct
what are the 4 lobes of the liver
right, left, quadrate, caudate
3 multiple choice options
What is the most common site for impaction of gallstones?
hepatopancreatic ampulla
3 multiple choice options
What portion of the duodenum does the biliary duct enter?
descending
3 multiple choice options
True or false: An ERCP involves the direct puncture of the biliary ducts with a needle passing through the liver.
False
Approximately what level does the aorta bifurcate into the common iliac arteries?
L4
3 multiple choice options
what are the 3 major functions of the cardiovascular system?
removal of waste products, maintenance of body temp, transportation of oxygen for normal body function
Blood is returned from below the diaphragm to the right atrium by what major vessel?
inferior vena cava
1 multiple choice option
True or false: When listening for a pt's blood pressure, the diastolic phase is when the atria and ventricles contract.
false
The portal system drains blood from where?
digestive system, spleen, small intestine
The _______ carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs and the _________ carry the oxygenated blood back to the heart from the lungs.
pulmonary arteries, pulmonary veins
1 multiple choice option
What is the correct sequence of vessels starting from the aortic arch down the left arm?
subclavian, axillary, brachial, ulnar, radial, etc
How many segments are there of the thoracic aorta?
4
what are the 5 branches of the circle of willis?
branches of internal carotids, anterior cerebral, posterior cerebral, anterior and posterior communicating
Which of the following veins is the major tributary for returning blood from the chest to the vena cava?
azygos
What percentage of the plasma consists of water?
92%
3 multiple choice options
True or false: Plasma repairs tears in blood vessel walls and promotes blood clotting
False
The venous system of the upper and lower limbs can be divided into two main sets. What are these sets?
superficial and deep
Which of the following is a superficial vein of the upper limb?
Basilic
Great Saphenous
Femoral
Anterior Tibial
Basilic
A minimum of how many views should be obtained in trauma situations?
2
3 multiple choice options
a common grid ratio for mobile work is ...
6:1 or 8:1
3 multiple choice options
This is a fx where the bone is crushed or splintered at the site of impact
comminuted
fx of the 5th metacarpal
Boxer's
fx of proximal half of ulna with dislocation of radial head
Monteggias fx
fx at the base of the 1st metacarpal
Bennett's fx
Incomplete fx with broken cortex on one side of bone only
Greenstick fx
fx of distal radius with anterior displacement
Smith's fx
When using a mobile C-arm, which position produces the least amount of personnel exposure?
xray tube on bottom/intensifier on top
1 multiple choice option
You are x-raying a pt with a fiberglass cast, how many KVP should you go up for your picture?
4
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following exams is completed in the Operating Room?retrograde urography
retrograde cystography
retrograde urethrography
retrograde urography
2 multiple choice options
Who is the surgical person who maintains the sterile fields?
certified surgical tech
the absence of infectious organisms
asepsis
2 multiple choice options
At approximately what age does the skeleton reach full ossification
25
3 multiple choice options
Secondary centers of ossification of long bones are called?
epiphysis
what is the greatest risk for premature infants?
hypothermia
2 multiple choice options
A well inspired chest x-ray on a young pediatric pt will show how many ribs?
9-10
3 multiple choice options
what are some examples of an internal fixator?
femoral endoprotheses, compression plate, intramedullary rods
What is the suggested amt of barium that should be given to a child between the ages of 1-3 years old for an UGI?
4-6oz
Although decided by the Radiologist, what is a general guideline to follow when drawing up contrast on a pediatric pt for an IVU exam? How much should you draw if you have a pt that weighs 60 pounds?
1 cc per pound = 60 ccs
What is the most common surgical procedure done on the elderly?
total joint replacement
3 multiple choice options
If a pt has osteoporosis, what should you do with your technique?
decrease
2 multiple choice options