Chemistry - Acids and Bases

Acids

ph < 7

SOUR taste

Litmus = red

Phenophthalein = nah colorless

think lemonade

Bases

ph > 7

BITTER taste

Slippery

Litmus = blue

Pheno = pink

Think soap

Arrhenius Theory

Acids produce HYDRONIUM (H) ions (basically acids start with H)

Bases produce HYDROXIDE (OH) ions (basically bases end with OH)

Bronsted-Lowry (BL THEORY)

Acids donate a proton (Hydrogen ion) to base then it becomes…

Conjugate Acid = compound that accepts that H (used to be base)

Conjugate Base = compound that gave up that H (used to be acid)

Lewis Theory

Lit js Lewis structures

Bases = have unbonded pairs on central atom that can be DONATED

Acids = DONT have these pairs, accepts pairs from base to make a bond!

pH scale

0-14, each num is 10 factor diff