Conduct Problems Flashcards

Flashcards about Conduct Problems

Conduct Problems

Age-inappropriate actions and attitudes that violate family expectations, societal norms, and personal or property rights of others.

Juvenile delinquency

Legal definition that excludes antisocial behaviors of very young children occurring in home or school; minimum age of responsibility is 7-12 in most US states.

Externalizing dimension

One dimension is "Rule-breaking behavior" and the other is "Aggressive behavior"

Crossing the overt-covert with the destructive-nondestructive

Yields four categories of conduct problems: Covert-Destructive (Property Violations), Overt-Destructive (Aggression), Covert-Nondestructive (Status Violations), Overt-Nondestructive (Oppositional Behaviours)

Psychiatric Perspectives on Conduct Problems

Disruptive behaviors are described as persistent patterns of antisocial behavior.

Disruptive, Impulse-Control and Conduct Disorders

Intermittent Explosive Disorder, Pyromania, Kleptomania, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Conduct Disorder

Public Health Perspective on Conduct Problems

Blends the legal, psychological, and psychiatric perspectives with public health concepts of prevention and intervention to reduce injuries, deaths, personal suffering, and economic costs associated with youth violence.

Two DSM-5 disruptive behavior disorders

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and Conduct disorder (CD). CD is the strongest predictor of adverse outcomes in adult functioning

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

A pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behaviour, or vindictiveness lasting at least 6 months.

ODD Severity

Severity is determined by the number of settings in which symptoms occur: Mild (one setting), Moderate (two settings), Severe (three or more settings).

Conduct Disorder (CD)

A repetitive and persistent pattern of behaviour in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated.

Categories of Conduct Disorder Symptoms

Aggression to People and Animals, Destruction of Property, Deceitfulness or Theft, Serious Violations of Rules.

Childhood-onset type Conduct Disorder

Individuals show at least one symptom characteristic of conduct disorder prior to age 10 years.

Adolescent-onset type Conduct Disorder

Individuals show no symptom characteristic of conduct disorder prior to age 10 years.

Conduct Disorder With limited prosocial emotions

To qualify for this specifier, an individual must have displayed at least two characteristics persistently over at least 12 months and in multiple relationships and settings. Lack of remorse or guilt, Callous-lack of empathy, Unconcerned about performance, Shallow or deficient affect

Mild Conduct Disorder

Few if any conduct problems in excess of those required to make the diagnosis are present, and conduct problems cause relatively minor harm to others.

Severe Conduct Disorder

Many conduct problems in excess of those required to make the diagnosis are present, or conduct problems cause considerable harm to others.

Conduct Disorder Severity

Severity is determined by the number of symptoms present that exceed the minimum number of symptoms required to make the diagnosis, and also the degree to which the symptoms harm others.

Factors Associated with Conduct Problems

Cognitive and verbal deficits, School and learning problems, Self-esteem deficits, Peer problems, Family problems, Health-related problems

School and Learning Problems Associated with Conduct Problems

Underachievement, grade retention, special education placement, dropout, suspension, and expulsion

Peer Problems Associated with Conduct Problems

Display poor social skills and verbal and physical aggression toward peers; often rejected by peers, although some are popular; some become bullies; often form friendships with other antisocial peers.

Health-Related Problems Associated with Conduct Problems

High risk for personal injury, illness, drug overdose, sexually transmitted diseases, substance abuse, and physical problems as adults. Rates of premature death are 3 to 4 times higher in boys with conduct problems.

Accompanying Disorders and Symptoms Associated with Conduct Problems

More than 50% of children with CD also have ADHD. About 50% of children with conduct problems also have depression or anxiety.

General Progression of Conduct Problems

Earliest sign is difficult temperament in infancy. Diversification: new forms of antisocial behavior develop over time. Covert conduct problems begin during elementary school.

Life-Course-Persistent (LCP) Path

Antisocial behavior begins early; subtle neuropsychological deficits heighten vulnerability to antisocial elements in social environment; complete, spontaneous recovery is rare after adolescence.

Adolescent-Limited (AL) Path

Begins at puberty and ends in young adulthood; less-extreme antisocial behavior, less likely to drop out of school and have stronger family ties; delinquent activity is often related to temporary situational factors, especially peer influences.

Social-Cognitive Factors Associated with Conduct Problems

Immature forms of thinking. Cognitive deficiencies. Cognitive distortions Deficits in facial expression recognition and eye contact.

Thinking and Behavior of Aggressive Children in Social Situations

Socially aggressive children use fewer cues before making a decision. Socially aggressive children attribute hostile intentions to ambiguous events. Socially aggressive children generate fewer and more aggressive responses and have less knowledge about social problem solving.

Family Factors Associated with Antisocial Behavior

Reciprocal influence - Child’s behavior is influenced by and influences the behavior of others. Parent-child interactions provide a training ground for the development of antisocial behavior

Parent Management Training (PMT)

Teaches parents to change their child's behavior in the home and in other settings using contingency management techniques. The focus is on improving parent-child interactions and enhancing other parenting skills.

Problem-Solving Skills Training (PSST)

Identifies the child's cognitive deficiencies and distortions in social situations and provides instruction, practice, and feedback to teach new ways of handling social situations. The child learns to appraise the situation, change his or her attributions about other children's motivations, be more sensitive to how other children feel, and generate alternative and more appropriate solutions.

Multisystemic Therapy (MST)

An intensive approach that draws on other techniques such as PMT, PSST, and marital therapy, as well as specialized interventions such as special education, and referral to substance abuse treatment programs or legal services.