LAW ENFORCEMENT ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION (CLEORG)

Flashcards for Law Enforcement Organization and Administration (CLEORG)

STATUTE OF WINCHESTER (1285)

Enacted for law and order and introduced the system of WATCH AND WARD.

STATUTE OF 1295

Began the closing of the gates of London during sunset and started the observation of CURFEW HOURS.

JUSTICE OF THE PEACE

Three to four legal experts appointed per jurisdiction, granting them authority to pursue, arrest, and imprison offenders.

STAR CHAMBER COURT

Established as a SPECIAL COURT to adjudicate offenses against the state, named after the decorative STAR-SHAPED CEILING OF THE COURTROOM.

MERCHANT POLICE (1500)

Merchants employing private security personnel to protect their property.

PAROCHIAL POLICE SYSTEM

Residents within parishes collectively employed officers to safeguard their community and property.

NIGHT WATCHMENT & BELLMEN (1663)

Employed to patrol from sunset to sunrise to prevent crime, created by a law passed by King Charles II.

BOWSTREET RUNNERS (1749)

A group of men organized to arrest offenders, founded by HENRY FIELDING, Chief Magistrate of Bow Street in London.

LONDON METROPOLITAN POLICE (1829)

Established the LONDON METROPOLITAN POLICE, which became the world’s first modern organized police force, later called SCOTLAND YARD.

Sir Robert Peel

Recognized as the FATHER OF MODERN POLICING SYSTEM, introduced key principles that shaped law enforcement.

RATTLEWATCH

Night watchmen in America who carried rattles while on duty to inform the public of their watchful presence.

GOVERNANCE AND LAW ENFORCEMENT (Pre-hispanic)

Datus, Rajahs, Sultans, and Haris who held absolute authority and acted as chiefs, judges, and enforcers of law.

DOCTRINE OF POSSE COMITATUS

Citizens were required to assist leaders in law enforcement.

CARABINEROS DE SEGURIDAD PUBLICO (Mounted Police)

Organized in 1712 for the purpose of carrying out the policies of the Spanish government, members were armed and considered as the mounted police.

GUARDRILLEROS

A body of rural police organized in each town by the Royal decree of January 8, 1836.

GUARDIA CIVIL

Police organization created by the Royal Decree on February 12, 1852, relieved the Spanish Peninsular Troops of their work in policing towns.

INSULAR POLICE FORCE

Established on November 30, 1890 during the Filipino-American war upon the recommendation of the Philippine Commission to the Secretary of War.

INSULAR CONSTABULARY

Created on July 18, 1901 by virtue of Act No. 175.

MANILA POLICE DEPARTMENT

Organized on July 31, 1901 by virtue of Act Nr. 183 of the Philippine Commission.

PHILIPPINE CONSTABULARY (PC)

Changed from Insular Constabulary by virtue of Act No. 255.

Philippine Constabulary (according to the Revised Administrative Code of 1917)

A national police institution for preserving the peacekeeping order and enforcing the law.

KEMPETAI

Japanese Military Police responsible for maintaining peace and order in Manila during the Japanese occupation.

Republic Act No. 2678 (1960)

Established that the NBI is both an investigative and research service agency.

Republic Act No. 4864 (POLICE ACT OF 1966)

Created the office of the POLICE COMMISSION (later called National Police Commission) under the Office of the President.

Presidential Decree No. 765 (August 8, 1975)

Stipulated that the Office of the NAPOLCOM should be under the office of the Ministry of National Defense.

Republic Act No. 6975 (DILG Act of 1990/PNP Law of 1991)

Created the Philippine National Police and declared it to be the only police force of the country with national in scope and civilian in character.

Republic Act Nr. 8551 (February 25, 1998)

Amended certain provisions of RA 6975 concerning the PNP.

RA 9708 (August 12, 2009)

Law amending the provisions of RA 6975 and RA 8551 on the minimum educational qualification for appointment to the PNP and adjusting the promotion system.

REPUBLIC ACT 9263 (2004)

Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) and Bureau of Jail management and Penology (BJMP) Professionalization Act of 2004.

P/DIR GEN CESAR NAZARENO

The first chief of the Philippine National Police.