week 10 history of college football

What were the main civil rights issues in the northern United States during the 1960s?

Housing, employment discrimination, police brutality, and school inequities.

what were the main civil rights issues in the southern US during the 1960s?

Integration and voting rights

What movement in the 1960s encouraged Black individuals to embrace their identity?

The Black Power or Black Consciousness Movement.

What were some aspects that Black individuals were taught to hate about themselves?

Their African heritage, skin color, lip fullness, and nose shape.

Who was Muhammad Ali and what was significant about his role during the civil rights movement?

Muhammad Ali, born Cassius Clay, was an athlete who underwent a political metamorphosis. used his platform to advocate for civil rights

Which prominent athletes were vocal about their responsibilities to the Black community in the 1960s?

Bill Russell, Cassius Clay, Jim Brown, and Louis Alcindor.

What was the impact of the book The Black Athlete: A Shameful Story?

It revealed the struggles of Black athletes, challenging the perception that they had privileged lives.

What significant event occurred at the 1968 Olympics involving Black athletes?

Two athletes performed the Black Power salute on the medal stand.

What demands did Black students make when they began attending universities in the late 1960s?

They demanded Black professors

culturally responsive institutions

Black history courses.

What were some frustrations faced by Black athletes on college campuses in the 1960s?

Restrictions on playing positions

hairstyles

being treated as gladiators a lack of academic support

felt like they were treated as gladiators (bodies on the line, placeable)

steered toward easy classes and non-challenging majors (takes place in every sport)

not viewed as intellectuals

felt like coaches were focused on eligibility than academic excellence (scrapping by vs thriving)

very few Black coaches, if any, on staff

very few Black professors

Why were people shocked about the demands from the Black athletes?

in America whatever race you're taught to performa and stay off politics

What changes occurred in college football scholarships after athlete protests?

The standard four-year scholarship became a one-year renewable scholarship; 1 year renewable means control over athletes

they began to see the desire for separate facilities by sport

What was the reaction of athletic directors to athlete protests?

They were unsure how to respond due to dependence on athletes' labor and alumni expectations.

What were the demands made by University of Texas athletes in June 2020?

wanted buildings to be renamed (Painter was kept bc it was named after someone fighting for integration, Littlefield is from a slaveowner) and remove James Hogg stature,

replace statures with more diverse statues on campus designed by artists/sculptors of color

more diversity in Hall of Game and rename stadium after the first Black UT football player: Julius Whittier

replace The Eyes of Texas with a new song without racist undertones and lift requirement of athletes to sing it if song is kept (they didn't expect the song to go so that's why they asked to not be required to sing it)

1st Illinois State demand regarding the Black Lives Matter movement?

Required seminars for athletics administration staff on diversity and social justice.

2nd Illinois State demand

commitment to more ppl of color in positions of power and in mental health facilities (ppl who specialize in minority struggles)

3rd Illinois State demand

commitment to more diversity in athletic trainers and student athletic trainers

4th Illinois State demand

commitment to more diversity in athletic trainers and student athletic trainers

5th Illinois State demand

make an athletic department plan of action to support the BLM movement and any future social justice movements and share with eh public and on social media

6th Illinois State demand

make an athletic department plan of action to support the BLM movement and any future social justice movement and share with the public and on social media

What was the significance of the Gentlemen's Agreement in college sports?

It prevented southern schools from playing northern schools, impacting integration in athletics.

How did the Black Power Movement influence Black athletes in the 1960s?

It encouraged them to take pride in their identity and themselves

advocate for social justice.

encourages Black ppl to embrace what they were taught to hate

What role did Black athletes serve in sports during the civil rights movement since 1904

They served as cultural ambassadors, influencing public perception and advocating for change

ex: Jesse Owens

What was the outcome of the debate among Black college professors and students regarding participation in the 1968 Olympics?

They considered a full boycott, deliberately losing, or competing and protesting on the medal stand - that they did by doing the Black Power salute

What was the significance of the 2016 protest during the national anthem by an NFL player?

It reignited discussions about politics in sports and athlete activism.

What were the consequences of the protests by college athletes in 2020?

Increased awareness of racial issues and demands for institutional changes in college athletics.

why do coaches prefer separate facilities?

they can dictate the whole players' day

(began to see coaches deliberately try separate student athletes from student body)