Accounting Information Systems [Chapters 9-13]

Employee Onboarding Reports

New Hires

Hiring Violations

Hiring Issues

Compliance Fines and Penalties

Unfilled Positions

Internal Control Exceptions

Employee Main Table

Employee Onboarding Analytics Examples

Compensation Variance, Training Gaps, Employee Feedback, Hiring Manager Feedback, Vendor-Employee Comparison, Fictitious Employees Test

Compensation Variance

Comparison of compensation packages to budgets to help detect inappropriate hiring practices and financial risks

Training Gaps

Time analysis of the percentage of tenured employees versus newly hired employees to identify departments that need more training

Employee Feedback

Analysis of post-onboarding surveys to identify trends in feedback about HR employees to detect risks in the onboarding process

Hiring Manager Feedback

Analysis of post-onboarding surveys completed by hiring managers to identify skill gaps in new employees

Vendor-Employee Comparison

Comparison of vendor information to the employee main table to look for red flags indicating fraud

Fictitious Employees Test

Analysis of employee data to identify employees with matching information

Employee Termination Reports

Completed Terminations, Turnover Rate

Employee Termination Analytics Examples

Exit Interviews, Retention and Onboarding, Seasonal Trends

Exit Interviews

Trend analysis of reasons provided during exit interviews for voluntary terminations to identify ongoing corporate issues

Retention and Onboarding

Analysis of length of employment compared to feedback from employee’s onboarding activities to identify a relationship between onboarding experiences and retention risks 

Seasonal Trends

Time series analysis of seasonal trends in voluntary terminations to identify if they leave after promotions are announced

Payroll Processing Reports

Payroll Journal, Cumulative Payroll Journal, Pay Stubs, Form W-2, Form W-3, Accrued Payroll

Form W-2

Wage and tax statements sent to employees at the end of the year

Form W-3

Summary of all the W-2 forms

Payroll Processing Analytics Examples

Ghost Employees, Excessive Payments, Duplicate Payroll, Variances, Timecard Verification, Trend Analysis, Wage Equality

Ghost Employees

Analysis of payroll processed for employees before start date or after termination date for employees receiving inappropriate payroll

Excessive Payments

Compare wages earned to employee job classification to identify excessive wages

Duplicate Payroll

Identification of times where employees received multiple payments in a single pay period

Variances

Compare current payroll period wages to previous periods to identify unauthorized adjustments in salaries

Timecard Verification

Comparison of timecard data to payroll data to identify variances

Human Resources

Recruitment and hiring, training and development, determining salaries and benefits, monitoring and evaluating employees, transitioning employees, and updating and maintaining employee data in the main table

Purchasing Process

Process focused on acquiring necessary resources from a business to operate

Payments Process

Process focused on paying for the resources necessary for a business to operate

Inventory

Raw materials, work in process, finished goods

Vendors

B2C and B2B

Suppliers

B2B

Purchase Requisition

Request to obtain goods from an authorized source that is sent to the purchasing department for raw material

Purchase Order

External document used to request a supplier sell and deliver the products specified

Receiving Report

A document that shows descriptions and quantities of goods received from vendors

Payment Voucher

Internal document that includes vendor, amount due, and payment terms

Remittance Advice

Source document returned to a business along with a customer payment to identify which invoice the payment relates to

Supply Chain Management Life Cycle

Raw materials, supplier, manufacturing, distribution, retail location, customer

Main Vendor Table

List of all approved vendors and attributes a company does business with

Split Purchase Orders

A type of fraud where employees separate a single purchase to stay within the authorization limit

CAPEX

the costs of acquiring fixed assets

Cash Disbursement Journal

Accounting journal containing record of a company’s payments in chronological order

Raw Materials Purchasing Reports

Products received by time and vendor, purchase requisitions filled and open, purchase orders filled and open, purchase orders aging, backorder report, main vendor table

Raw Materials Purchasing Analytics Examples

Vendor performance, Receiving Reconciliation, Vendor Prices, Vendor frequency, Duplicate Vendor Data, Vendor-Employee Comparison, Vendor Address, Discounts, Financial Ratios

Fixed Assets Purchasing Reports

Additions, Purchases by Vendors, Purchase requisitions filled and open, purchase orders filled and open, purchase orders aging, backorder report, fixed asset listings

Accounts Payable Reports

Cash disbursement journal, purchases by vendor, accounts payable, accounts payable subsidiary ledger, vendor aging report, invoices

Accounts Payable Analytics Examples

Financial ratios, approval of payments, vendor-employee testing, early payments, vendor invoice numbers, three-way match

Bill of materials

document that specifies the components of a product

Bill of Operations

provides sequence of production events

Cost Accounting

A subset of managerial accounting that is specific to the conversion process

Manufacturing Overhead

Indirect material and labor, cost of production utilities and depreciation on equipment

Production Reports

Range from source documents to key metrics

Production Analytics

used to monitor production efficiency and operating capacity compared to benchmarks

Production Analytic Examples

OEE, Manufacturing Yield, Capacity Utilization Rate, Troughput

Sales order

a source document - customer’s request for the purchase of goods

Revenue Recognition Analytics Examples

Revenue growth root cause, revenue cost, cutoff analysis

Revenue Recognition Reports

Customer Revenue, Type of Revenue, Revenue Over Time, Revenue Changes, Recognized Revenue, Deferred Revenue

Cash Collections Reports

Cash receipts journal, sales amounts, accounts receivable balances, unusual account balances, reconciliations

Cash Collection Analytics Examples

Unusual activity, ratios, bad debt expense comparison, accounts receivable growth, invoice comparison, accounts receivable aging schedule

Chart of Accounts

Developed before the financial statement process, a classification scheme used to organize financial data

Tag

standardized piece of taxonomy

Instance Document

document structured to produce standardized financial statements for human readability

Cost Leadership

Seeks to be the low-cost producer in industry

Differentiation

Seeks to be unique in its industry with widely valued products

Cost Focus

Seeks a cost advantage in a narrow-target market

Differentiation Focus

seeks differentiation in a narrow-target market

Responsibility Accounting

used to trace performance to the responsible department or manager to improve accountability

Internal Processes

Activity for each function, process alignment and automation

Learning and Growth

Job satisfaction, employee turnover, specialist knowledge and skills, training opportunities

Customer Relationships

Customer satisfaction rate, retention, delivery and quality performance, market segment success

Financial

ROI, Cash flow, Financial results

Accounts Payable

Responsible for paying vendors and suppliers when a vendor invoice is received

Inventory management

oversees flow of inventory and determines what raw materials need to be purchased