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Badwagon Appeal
taps into people’s desire to belong. (If everyone is doing it, then you do it.)
“Plain Folks” Appeal:
implies that ordinary people are on our side or that a “Candidate” is like an ordinary person.
Testimonial
relies on endorsements from well-known people or satisfied customers
Transfer
connects a product, candidate, or a cause to a positive idea.
Pity Appeal
uses words that evoke strong feelings, rather than facts and evidence to persuade.
Vanity/snob Appeal
Only the rich, most discerning people like this product.
Loaded language
wording that attempts to influence an audience by using an appeal to emotion or
stereotypes.
Statistics Appeal
tries to persuade through the use of statistics.
Card stacking
Telling half-truths or omitting or distorting facts to sell a product
Demonizing
portraying the competition as purely evil.
Point of View
method of narration
1st person pov
uses the pronoun I to tell the story
is a character in the story
share only the perspective of a single character
3rd person pov
acts as an outside observer
may say to the story from a broader perspective, or may be limited to what one character knows
narrative structure
the way the story is put together
The five key elements of a story's plot are
exposition: introduces characters, setting, and conflict or struggle
rising action: presents complication, building suspense
climax: reaches the story’s high point, making the conflict’s outcome clear
falling action: shows results of character decisions/actions
resolution: reveals outcome; also called denouement
sentence fragment
a sentence that does not express a complete thought
Lacks:
subject, verb, and complete thought
EXAMPLE: The weeds grew. Because of the rain.
Ways to fix an sentence fragment
1st: figure out what piece is missing
if it’s a subject, add a subject
if it’s a verb, add a verb
2nd:Attach the fragment to a complete sentence(Fragment + Complete Sentence)
Ex. (Until the sun went down) + (They played football) = They played football until the sun went down.
run-on sentence
two or more complete sentences that look like only one sentence
- can be confusing because they don’t show where one idea ends and
another one begins.
EXAMPLE: I love pizza it is my favorite food. She ran to the store she forgot her wallet.
To fix a run-on sentence, you can cut it apart or join it properly
IF ideas are NOT related, THEN make two sentences
IF ideas ARE closely related, THEN make one sentence
IF ideas ARE equally important, THEN make one sentence
How to properly fix a run on sentence
Add a period (.)
EX: I love pizza. It is my favorite food.
Use a comma (,) and a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS)
EX: She ran to the store, but she forgot her wallet.
Use a semicolon (;)
EX: I love pizza; it is my favorite food.
F.A.N.B.O.Y.S.
for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so
fused sentence
when there is no punctuation between the two sentences
comma splice
when there is only a comma between the two sentences
complete sentence
A sentence is a group of words that:
Has a subject
Has a verb
Expresses a complete thought
If it has all three parts (subject, verb, complete thought), it's a complete sentence.