7 perspectives examples (PSYCH)

the mind can be viewed as an information processing system

cognitive

behavior is driven by forces we do not understand and are not aware of

psychodynamic / psychoanalytic

all human though and behavior can be reduced to activity at the neural level

biological

humans are innately good and strive to reach their fullest potential

humanistic

one limitation of our understanding of behavior is that most research has been conducted on subjects from North America

sociocultural

psychology should be the scientific study of behavior which is observable and measurable

behavioral

many of our behaviors have developed as a result of our species’ adaptation to the challenges of surviving across millennia

evolutionary

individuals need empathy, unconditional positive regard, and acceptance in order to be successful

humanistic

behavior is influenced by the effects of reinforcements and punishments

behavioral

memory and analysis of past experiences influence future human behavior

cognitive

personality development is determined by experiences in very early childhood

psychodynamic / psychoanalytic

human societies vary in the importance they give to care and respect of the elderly

sociocultural

an important factor in the selection of romantic partners is their likelihood that they will bear healthy offspring

evolutionary

variance in levels of pain tolerance is most directly influenced by endorphins and neurochemicals

biological

pain tolerance is influenced by expectancies and interpretation of experiences

cognitive

basic facial expressions of emotion are universal across many cultures

evolutionary

behavior is motivated by self-actualization and the promise of human potential

humanistic

behavior may be the product of unconscious confilct and anxiety

psychodynamic / psychoanalytic

personality is attributable more to genes than to environmental experience

biological

when looking at why a person chooses to behave a particular way, I will examine how they think and process information

cognitive

when looking at why a person chooses to behave in a particular way, I will examine what happened in childhood and what kinds of issues the patient is fixated on

psychodynamic / psychoanalytic

when looking at why a person chooses to behave a particular way, i will examine the brain chemistry and hormonal issues of the person

biological

when looking at why a person chooses to behave a particular way, i will examine if the behavior helps the person reach their own potential

humanistic

when looking at why a person chooses to behave a particular way, i will examine what consequences (pleasant or unpleasant) the person experienced

behavioral

the unconscious mind influences everything we do

psychodynamic / psychoanalytic

how do people remember and forget?

cognitive

depression is influenced by genetic predisposition and brain chemistry

biological

depression is influenced by how we perceive the work and how our thoughts can betray us

cognitive

depression is the result of the depressive behavior being reinforced by important others in our lives

behavioral

depression is caused when an individual has a specific self-concept, but important others in our lives have different views of who we are and what we should be (2 answers)

• sociocultural

• humanistic

when we watch important people in our lives being depressed, we imitate it

behavioral

examining the structures of the brains of schizophrenic twins and comparing them to their healthy identical twins

biological

we are constantly trying to become who we are. our lives are a process of growth

humanistic

there seem to be a few things that motivate people: hunger, thirst, and sex. examining hormones of each uses this perspective

biological

analyzing dreams is a part of this point of view

psychodynamic / psychoanalytic

examining how an eyewitness will interpret a situation and how a lawyer can best cross-examine that witness

cognitive

using drugs to treat various mental illnesses such as schizophrenia, anxiety, and depression

biological

when parents use punishment to change their child’s behavior, they are using a technique from this perspective

behavioral

how the body and brain processes emotions, memories, and sensory experiences

biological

psychology should examine only observable behavior

behavioral

the biggest influence on personality is what we experience in childhood

psychodynamic / psychoanalytic

the biggest influence on personality is a person’s genetics

biological

the biggest influence on personality is a person’s culture

sociocultural

individual free will is more important for a person becoming who they are than any other factor

humanistic

our mind uses defense mechanisms to reduce anxiety when we face uncomfortable realities. we learned the defense mechanisms unconsciously in our childhood

psychodynamic / psychoanalytic

teachers will attempt to make the classroom a “safe place” so you can maximize your comfort level and learn more effectively

humanistic

schools provide meals for students, addressing the basic need of hunger so students can better focus in class on learning

humanistic

teachers will often get some students to study more by offering extra credit

behavioral

the reason students will act inappropriately in school is because of how they were raised in their home environment- they never learned how to behave properly but were reinforced to act without manners

behavioral

a student gets into a fight with another student. the reason for that was because the student was under the influence of an illicit substance

biological

a student plays the role of “class clown” in one class and the role of “brain” in another class. this approach explains it by examining a student’s interprestatons of how well the student assesses their own abilities in each subject

cognitive

a student realizes that she and her boyfriend just cannot continue dating - he really likes monster truch races and working on his car. she prefers the finer things in life such as gourmet foods and expensive clothes/fashion. they just cannot agree on what to do together. they come form two different worlds

sociocultural

a sports psychologist will work with an athlete to help them visualize the proper mechanics of the sport to improve performance

cognitive

an athlete knows that there will be a bonus if they scroe more than 25 points in this last game. which persective is being utilized?

behavioral

as children, we need unconditional positive regard (acceptance without anything in return) in order to grow up and become healthy adults

humanistic

recent research has found that being a part of any ethnic group changes the way our brains are wired (2 answers)

• sociocultural

• biological

billy decides to jump of the bridge because all of his friends are doing it

behavioral (observational / modelling)

what makes people watch a commercial repeatedly, then go out and buy a product? (3 answers)

• sociocultural

• behavioral

• psychodynamic

individuals who are most successful in gaining access to mates leave behind more offspring

evoluitonary