Chapter 1 Glossary

Book

Bioengineer

The application of engineering to biology and medicine

bioethics

the area of ethics that is concerned w/ the application of moral and ethical principle to biology and medicine

Bioinformatics

The discipline concerned with the collection, storage, and analysis of biologic data, e.g. DNA, RNA, and protein sequences

Biophysics

the application of physics and its techniques to biology and medicine

biotechnology

the field in which biochemical, engineering, and other approaches are combined to develop biologic products of use in medicine and industry

Gene therapy

Applies to the use of genetically engineered genes to treat various diseases

genomics

the genome is the complete set of genes of an organism, and __ is the in-depth study of the structures and functions of __

glycomics

the glycome is the total complement of simple and complex carbohydrates in an organism. __ is the systematic study of structures and functions of glycomes such as human glycome

Lipidomics

The is the complete complement of lipids found in an organism. __ is the in-depth study of the structures and functions of all members of the __ and their interactions, in both health and disease

Metabolomics

__ is the complete complement of metabolites present in an organism. __ is the in-depth study of the structures, functions, and changes in various metabolic states

metabolites

small molecules involved in metabolism

Molecular diagnostics

refers to the use of molecular approaches such as DNA probes to assist in the diagnosis of various biochemical, genetic, immunologic, microbiologic, and other medical conditions

nanotechnology

the development and application to medicine and to other areas of devices such as nanoshells, which are only a few nanometers in size (10^-9 = 1nm)

Nutrigenomics

the systematic study of the effects of nutrients on genetic expression and of the effects of genetic variations on the metabolism of nutrients

Pharmacogenomics

the use of genomic information and technologies to optimize the discovery and development of new drugs and drug targets

Proteomics

The proteome is the complete complement of proteins of an organism. __ is the systematic study of the structures, and functions of proteomes and their variations in health and disease

stem call biology

stem cells are undifferentiated cells that have the potential to self-renew and to differentiate into any of the adult cells of an organisms. __ concerns the biology of stem cells and their potential for treating various diseases

synthetic biology

the field that combines biomolecular techniques w/ engineering approaches to build new biologic functions and systems

systems biology

the field concerns complex biologic systems studied as integrated entities

transcriptomics

the comprehensive study of the transcriptome, the complete set of RNA transcripts produced by the genome during a fixed period of time