RAD 130 Week 2

Matter

Anything that occupies space and has mass

Mass

The amount of matter in an object. The SI measurement is Kilograms

Energy

The ability to do work. The SI measurement is Joules or electron volts.

Potential Energy

The stored energy an object has due to it’s position

Kinetic Energy

Energy due to motion

Chemical Energy

Released during a chemical reaction

Electrical energy

Energy produced by an electron moving through a potential difference (voltage)

Electromagnetic Energy

Energy from the electromagnetic spectrum. It travels in waves known as photons

Thermal Energy

Energy from the motion of molecules

Nuclear energy

Energy contained in the nucleus

Photon

Bundle of electromagnetic energy

Exposure/To Irradiate

For radiation to make contact with a patient or object

Radiation

Energy being emitted and transferred through space

Ionizing Radiation

Radiation capable of removing an electron from the atom it orbits. The electron becomes a negative ion, and the atom becomes a positively charged ion. In extreme cases, this can cause adverse reactions in the patient.

KVP

Kilo Voltage Peak

Cosmic Rays

Background radiation emitted from the sun and stars. The intensity (or amount) increased with altitude and latitude. Cosmic rays can be both particulate and electromagnetic.

Terrestrial

Emitted from deposits in the earth (uranium, thorium, radon)

Internally Deposited Radionuclides

Radiation that is inhaled or ingested, mainly Potassium 40

Radon

Largest source of Background Radiation (68%). Radon is a radioactive gas produced by radioactive decay or uranium and emits alpha particles. Can’t penetrate your skin, but it’s harmful when you breathe it in. Radon is a type of terrestrial radiation