Human Motor Development and Learning- Chapter 1

Motor Control

Study of neural, physical, and behavioral aspects of human movement

Degrees of Freedom

The number of independent elements that must be constrained to produce coordinated motion

Serial Order Problem

Examines the sequencing and timing of movement behaviors

Action Slips

Action of what your doing is ther but the steps to get there is off

Spoonerism

Making error in speech

Perceptual-Motor Integration Problem

Addresses how perception and action are incorporated- Learn better by watching and mirioring others, and movement is affected by what we are thinking

Motor Learning

Study of processes involved in acquistion of a motor skill and the factors that enhances or inhibits an individual’s capability to perform a motor skill

Motor Behavior

Umbrella term for motor control, learning, and development

Motor Development

Study of products and underlying processes of motor behavior changes across the life span

Motor Competence

A child growth and development require the development of locomotor, ball skills, and balance competence

Coarticulation

Simultaneous motions that occur in sequential tasks, preplanning movements, more efficient (solves serial order problem)

Learning

Relatively Permanent change in a person’s capability to e a motor skill as a result of practice or performance

Performance

Act of executing an act of skill (OBSERVABLE)

Process

Set of events or occurrences that, when taken together, lead to some particular product, state, or change (Drills in sport, heat for melting water)

Personal Growth

Increase in body size or individual parts that occurs through maturation

Maturation

Fixed transition or order of progression that enables a person to progress to higher levels of function

Phylogeny

Evolutionary development of a species, which may take many hundreds, even thousands of years

Ontogeny

Development occurring over the life span of individual: focus throughout this book is on ontogenetic development

Motor Development Periods

Precursor, Maturational, Normative, and Process-oriented

Precursor Period

nature-genetics/internal

Maturational Period

environment

Normative Period

Shift from process to product

Process-oriented Period

Hypothesis driven research