dena 1030 Preventive Dentistry

Thin layer of salivary glycoprotein deposited on teeth through normal biologic processes

Pellicle

Major cause of dental caries and periodontal disease

Plaque

Earliest lesion when caries begins to demineralize enamel

Incipient lesion

Risk factors for periodontal disease (other than poor oral hygiene)

Stress, medications, HIV/AIDS, smoking, diabetes

Three things required for a cavity to form

Sugar + susceptible tooth + bacteria

When plaque becomes mineralized, it becomes

Calculus

Most prevalent disease of childhood (more common than asthma)

Early childhood caries

How often must plaque be removed

Every 24 hours

Common areas where caries lesions are found

Smooth surfaces, pits & fissures, around restorations

Inflammation of gingival tissue

Gingivitis

Inflammation of supporting tissues of the teeth

Periodontitis

Term meaning formation of a cavity or hole in enamel

Cavitation

Population most affected by root caries

Elderly individuals

Condition with sudden pain, necrosis of gingival papilla tips, and bleeding

NUG (Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis)

Two classifications of calculus

Supragingival & Subgingival

Coating of debris, bacteria, and proteins around gingival margin

Materia alba

Multiple caries lesions throughout the mouth

Rampant caries

Can gingivitis be reversed

Yes

Two main bacteria that produce caries

Mutans streptococci & Lactobacilli

Loss of minerals from the tooth

Demineralization

Redevelopment of minerals into the tooth

Remineralization

Term for dry mouth

Xerostomia

Systemic conditions associated with periodontal disease (besides cardiovascular disease)

Diabetes, stroke, respiratory diseases, preterm birth/low birth weight

Ways the cavity process can be interrupted

Fluoride, increased salivary flow, decreased sugar intake

Three types of protection saliva provides

Physical, chemical, antibacterial

Percentage of American adults with some form of periodontitis

Almost 75%

When periodontal disease affects less than 30% of the mouth

Localized

When periodontal disease affects more than 30% of the mouth

Generalized

Infectious bacterial disease present since early human history

Dental caries

Relationship between oral health and general health

They are connected

Main way caries-causing bacteria are transmitted

From mother/caregiver to child (vertical transmission)

Lesion characterized by cavitation

Overt lesion

Ways caries are diagnosed

X‑rays, explorer, visual exam, laser caries detector

Forms around restorations where micro leaking occurs

secondary (recurrent) carriers