chapter 3 heat RI Year 2

Why do substances expand when heated?

When an object is heated, particles gain kinetic energy to (movement in their own way so solid will be vibrate, liquid will be slide past one another, gases move) faster, and are more able to overcome forces of attraction holding the particles together, thus move further apart

How is thermal energy transferred via conduction

Thermal energy is transferred from warmer A to cooler B

How is thermal energy transferred via convection

Air above gains heat, expands, becomes less dense and rises. Cooler, denser air at the top sinks to replace the hot air, creating a convection current

How is thermal energy transferred via radiation?

Hotter A emits thermal energy via radiation, which is absorbed by cooler B

What surfaces(3) are best for absorbing thermal radiation

Rough, dark, larger surface areas

What type of surfaces are best for reflecting thermal radiation?

Smooth, shiny, white,