particle model of matter- physics

What is density

The mass of a substance per unit of volume (mass per volume)

What is the equation for density

p= m/v

How are particles arranged/ move in a :

Solid

Liquid

Gas

Solid - regular pattern/ touching/ vibrates in a fixed position

Liquid- random pattern/ touching/ free to flow around

Gas- random pattern/ far apart/ move around quickly and randomly in all directions

Which state of mater has the most energy

Gas

How to measure volume of a irregular solid

(1) place irregular solid in water in a measuring cylinder. Measure how much water level has risen by

OR

(2) use a eureka can

what is the internal energy of particles

Kinetic energy + potential energy

Average KE is AKA

Temperature

Name 5 state changes

melting

Evaporation

Condensation

Freezing

SUBLIMATION

If u heat a substance what energy increases

KE - higher temperature

OR

PE - change of state

Why does temperature not increase during melting

Energy is being used uo to weaken forces between particles (PE increases tho)

Define specific heat capacity (SHC)

The energy needed to heat 1kg of material by 1•c

Equation to calculate energy change from SHC

E = m x c (SHC) x change in temp

Define latent heat

The energy needed to change the state 1kg of a substance without changing the temperature

Equation to find specific latent heat

E =M x L( latent heat)

The specific latent heat of FUSION gives what change ?

Solid to liquid

The specific latent heat of VAPORISATION gives what what change?

Liquid to gas

What happens to pressure if a container is smaller

Increase because the particle with hit wall more often

Define gas pressure

The force exerted on a surface when a particle collides with it

What happens to the temperature of a liquid when some particles start to evaporate

Decreases- the average kinetic energy decreases

What happens to volume if substance changes from liquid to gas

Increases