PERDEV (CHAP 1~3)

ADOLESCENCE

happens between 15-21 yrs old

ADOLESCENCE

A significant hallmark of this period is the quest for identity and individuality through asserting independence, exercising personal decisions about what one wants to be in the future, and establishing meaningful relationships with others.

PHYSIOLOGICAL

One of the reasons is the secretion of hormones by the endocrine glands.

Hormone

 a chemical substance that passes through the  bloodstream to reach different organs and tissues.

PHYSICAL

The secondary characteristics that result from physiological changes in the body. This is the time when self-consciousness starts to peak.

PSYCHOLOGICAL

You now become conscious of what has happened and what comes with your body.

SELF-IDENTITY

The distinctive characteristics of the individual. In psychology, it is significantly related to one’s overall self-evaluation (self-esteem) and sense of individuality.

IDENTITY VS CONFUSION

It happens when there is restriction or lack of exploration and identification of one’s characteristics, values, and direction.

JAMES MARCIA

He defines identity as “an internal,, self-constructed, dynamic organization of drive, abilities, beliefs and individual history”

CRISIS

presents an opportunity to explore

COMMITMENT

keeps you faithful to your beliefs and values

IDENTITY DIFFUSED

have not explored what you want to become; have not made any commitments

FORECLOSED

have not explored, but commitment is clear; people chose for you or influenced you to choose rather than self-chosen.

MORATORIUM

struggling as you explore areas that will help you know who you are; too exposed or cannot decide

IDENTITY ACHIEVED

you clearly understood who you are and have already decided what you want.

FREEDOM AND INDEPENDENCE

The desire of freedom may result to conflicts with parents and authorities.

WHOLENESS

Is essentially the sense of integration. The different aspects of the individual— mental, emotional, physical, social, and spiritual— are in harmony or balance.

CARL JUNG

He recognized that man is essentially a whole being.

GESTALTISM

Psychological distress or mental problems are significantly caused by the split self. Integrates bodily orientation with psychological functioning when treating an individual.

Cognitive Development

refers to thinking patterns, reasoning, and the ability to learn, remember, and solve problems

REMEMBERING

depends on short-term or long-term memory

REPETITION

Going over material repeatedly improves your memory. “Practice makes perfect.”

ORGANIZATION

You may classify things according to their standard features.

Mnemonic

It is a device that aids your memory. Acronyms and rhymed words are kinds of ______ that work.

CRITICAL THINKING

implies discerning judgement based on standards. Requires the ability to reason out (logical thinking), infer, analyze, interpret, and explain.

kritikos

means discerning judgement (greek word)

CRITERION

means standards

FACT

is something that is genuine and can be proven

OPINION

is based on your values and assumptions

PROBLEM SOLVING

depends so much on your critical thinking ability.

Motus anima

latin description for emotions

Motus anima

It means “the spirit that moves us”

PHYSIOLOGICAL COMPONENT

Emotions involve bodily arousal. Something goes on in the brain, in the autonomic nervous system, as well as the endocrine system.

COGNITIVE COMPONENT

Refers to the subjective conscious experience of the person. How you interpret a situation affects your emotions.

BEHAVIORAL COMPONENT

It is the outward expression of emotions as seen in your facial expressions, body language, and manner of speaking.

SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT

Received faith, Soul/spiritual side, God and meaning of life

ELEKTRA COMPLEX

attachment of girl to her dad

OEDIPUS COMPLEX

attachment of boy to his mom

OBJECT PERMANENCE

An important understanding that should be attained is that an object continuous to exist even if it is no longer seen

EGOCENTRIC

the child’s way of thinking is toward himself/herself

SYMBOLIC THOUGHT

The child continues to to develop using mental images and begins to use symbols to represent what he/she knows

PUBERTY

- the period of adolescence. Sexual Interest is awakened.

SIGMUND FREUD

Known for his biological orientation that emphasizes an individual's psychosexual development, his theories of human development and personality evoked great interest.

EROGENOUS ZONES

also known as pleasure areas which are sensitive to stimulation

FIXATION

Characterized by attachment to a particular object or activity that may affect development

PRIMITIVE REASONING

It begins with the children’s thought processes changing from symbolic thinking to intuitive thinking; children became curious and ask many questions

LAWRENCE KOHLBERG

_________ studied how children understand right and wrong and develop a sense of morality

➔ Recognized the role of cognitive ability in developing moral reasoning in children

MORALITY

Ability to distinguish right from wrong and to behave accordingly

ORAL

pleasure through mouth: eating, sucking, mouthing, chewing, and biting

ANAL

pleasure to release tension through the anus: eliminating and retaining feces, and toilet training

PHALLIC

Pleasure through genitals

LATENCY

Resolving fixations or conflicts in previous stages; developing academic and social skills, physical abilities, and talent

GENITAL

Sex role identity formation

ERIK ERIKSON

He expanded Freud’s theory that recognizes early childhood experiences’ importance.

PSYCHOSOCIAL

it considers the role of social factors in influencing development

IDENTITY DIFUSSION

In which the individual feels confused about his or her purpose

SOCIALIZATION

Essential process in psychosocial

EQUILIBRATION

It marks the significant development of an individual