AP US History Study Guide: Period 6 (1865-1898)

These flashcards cover key concepts from Period 6 of AP US History focusing on the transformation of the United States from an agricultural society to an industrial powerhouse, significant social changes, and key historical events.

Industrialization

The process of developing machine production of goods and the growth of dense cities as a result.

Urbanization

The increasing population in cities as people moved from rural areas for jobs and opportunities.

Antitrust Legislation

Laws that prohibit monopolies and promote competition for the benefit of consumers.

Sherman Antitrust Act (1890)

A landmark federal statute that aimed to prevent anti-competitive practices and monopolies.

Philanthropy

The desire to promote the welfare of others, often through the donation of money, resources, or time.

Sharecropping

A system where former slaves worked on land they did not own in exchange for a share of the crops.

Jim Crow Laws

State and local laws enforcing racial segregation in the Southern United States.

Ghost Dance

A spiritual movement among American Indians that was meant to bring about the restoration of their lands and way of life.

The Gospel of Wealth

An essay by Andrew Carnegie that argued wealthy individuals had the responsibility to use their resources to improve society.

Populism

A political approach that seeks to represent the interests of ordinary people.

New South

The period following the Civil War characterized by economic changes and the rise of sharecropping and racial segregation.

Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)

Federal law that prohibited all immigration of Chinese laborers to the U.S.

The Gilded Age

A period in U.S. history marked by rapid industrial growth and economic prosperity, but also social inequality and political corruption.

The Panic of 1893

An economic crisis characterized by a severe downturn in U.S. financial markets leading to bank failures and high unemployment.

Merit System

A system where government positions are awarded based on ability and qualifications rather than political connections.

Transcontinental Railroad

A railroad that connected the eastern U.S. with the western territories, facilitating transportation and trade.

Labor Unions

Organizations of workers that were formed to protect their rights and interests.

William Jennings Bryan

A political figure remembered for his advocacy of populism and the 'Cross of Gold' speech.