unit 1 cmu graphics

4 things a computer does?

• take input

• storage

• processing

• output

high level vs low level programming languages

high level

• human friendly

• portable

• easy to read/understand

• ex: python and java

low level

• machine language (hexadecimal rep. of binary code)

• harder to write and debug

• faster memory-efficient code

• ex: binary

compiler

a program that converts instructions into a machine-code or lower-level form so that they can be read and executed by a computer

integrated development environment (IDE)

a software application that helps programmers develop software code efficiently

autograder

• check button

• CMU will check code for correctness

code editor

type in code using python

inspector

gives info about shapes (top-left corner for rect, center for circle, diff x,y coordinates)

canvas

400×400 pixel grid where image is displayed

console

display text output of error messages

debugging in programs

process of identifying and removing errors from a program

syntax error

• does not run

• violates rules of programming language and program will NOT execute

logistic error

• runs, typed wrong

• mistake in code that results in unexpected output even though the program runs without error

runtime error

• doesn’t run properly

• error that occurs during the execution of the program

built-in functions and parameters

• predefined functions that are part of programming language

• may require parameters

• ex: rect star, poly, circle

how to write rect

Rect(x,y,width,height,fill,border,borderWidth)
Rect(200,300,50,50,fill = None, border = ‘blue’, borderWidth = 7)

star special property

• roundness

• makes points spiker or rounder

label parameters

size - only number

fonts - either arial, monospace, caveat, cinzel, montserrat, grenze, sacramento, or orbitron

bold - either True or False

italic - either True or False

8 starting positions for gradient

left, right, top, bottom, left-top, right-top, left-bottom, right-bottom