HESI Case Study: Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD's)

1. Which is an example of a nurse applying community as client?

Planning for a peer mentorship program for youth with serious mental illness.

2. A nurse examines records for flu vaccination among older adults attending an adult day health center. The nurse is applying which step in the nursing process?

Assessment.

3. Data about infection with chlamydia trachomatis are obtained by the health department in order to do which of the following? (Select all that apply. One, some, or all options may be correct.)

Report to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Identify trends in the incidence of communicable diseases.

Plan and implement prevention and disease control programs.

4. Which of the following is an example of incidence of communicable disease?

New diagnoses of gonorrhea in the community.

5. Which of the following is an example of prevalence of communicable disease?

Number of individuals in the county with hepatitis C.

6. Infection with chlamydia trachomatis is of particular concern for which of the following reasons? (Select all that apply. One, some, or all options may be correct.)

The infection is often asymptomatic, especially among females.

Chlamydia is the most prevalence sexually transmitted infection worldwide.

Untreated infection can lead to endometriosis and pelvic peritonitis.

7. Which population group has the highest rate of infection with chlamydia?

Young adults.

8. The nurse decides to interview pediatricians, reproductive health providers, and several current students to find out what they know about chlamydia infections among the high school youth. This method of data collection is known as which of the following?

Key informant interviews.

9. The nurse is aware that socioeconomic status impacts access to resources such as health services. Which of the following would be the most effective intervention to address healthcare disparities?

Collaborate with providers to offer free school-based health services.

10. Testing for pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections at a school-based health center is an example of which level of prevention?

Secondary prevention

11. During interviews with a select group of students, the nurse is questioned about sexual and reproductive health. One student asks the nurse if any of the sexually transmitted diseases can be transmitted through oral sex. Which of the following is the correct response?

Sexually transmitted infections can be transmitted through oral, vaginal or anal sex.

12. During interviews with a select group of students, the nurse is questioned about sexual and reproductive health. One student asks the nurse about the transmission of herpes. Which information regarding herpes simplex virus (HSV) transmission should the nurse present?

Herpes can cause painful sores in the mouth, anus, and genital area.

13. During interviews with a select group of students, the nurse is questioned about sexual and reproductive health. One student reports that they have several open and painful sores in their genital area. Which priority action should the nurse take?

Assist the student to obtain an appointment with a reproductive healthcare provider.

14. Which of the following are components of a comprehensive sexual education program?(Select all that apply. One, some, or all options may be correct.)

Abstinence.

Sexually transmitted diseases/infections.

Pregnancy prevention.

Healthy communication and healthy relationships.

15. Which of the following is a process measure the nurse might use to evaluate the sexual education program?

Class attendance for students who were enrolled in the curriculum during the last school year.

16. Which of the following is an outcome measure the nurse might use to evaluate the sexual education program?

Number of students who correctly answered questions about contraception after completing the class.

17. The nurse calculates incidence proportions for student pregnancies for the last three years. The calculation is based on the following information. There were 5,550 high school students enrolled each year. In year one, 6 of 2,900 10th, 11th, and 12th grade females were pregnant and 2 12th grade students were parents. In year two, 3 of 3,005 9th and 10th grade females were pregnant and 5 11th and 12th grade students were parents. In year three, 3 of 2,777 9th, 10th, and 12th grade females were pregnant and 2 11th grade students were parents. What was the incidence of pregnancy in year two?

1/1,000.

18. The nurse is aware that there is a concern about sex education in schools. The concern is not based on scientific evidence. What is the common concern?

Sex education promotes sexual activity during adolescence.

19. The nurse conducts a review of the literature about sex education curricula and finds information about the specific curriculum provided to the middle school students. Which of the following articles would be a priority to read? (Select all that apply. One, some, or all options may be correct.)

The effectiveness of sex education booster sessions during high school to reduce the transmission of chlamydia trachomatis.

20. Which of the following is the priority component of health program planning?

Involving the community.

21. Five students arrive at the school nurse's office and sign in to be seen by the school nurse. Each identifies the reason for their visit. The nurse can see a student during the instructional period, write a pass for the student to leave during another instructional period, or refer the student to the high school staff who can assist the student to go home. Which of the following students would the nurse prioritize visiting with during the current instructional period? (Select all that apply. One, some, or all options may be correct.)

A student who writes 'I need to talk about something confidential.'

A student who writes 'My girlfriend just told me she is pregnant.'

22. The nurse visits with the student who wanted to discuss a confidential concern. The student reports that she decided to have sex with her boyfriend of 9 months. The student reports that they had sex without a condom and now she has painful sores on her inner labia. The nurse suspects that the student has contracted herpes simplex virus (HSV). The nurse suspects that the student has contracted herpes simplex virus (HSV). What is the priority nursing action?

Refer the student for sexually transmitted disease testing and treatment.

23. The student meets again with the nurse and confirms the HSV diagnosis. The student is angry with her boyfriend because he told her that he had only been with one other girl in the past and that he did not have any sexually transmitted diseases. The student wants to know if her boyfriend could be telling the truth when he stated he does not have HSV. How should the nurse respond?

Individuals can be infected with HSV and not have any symptoms.

24. The student wonders if she should tell her boyfriend about the diagnosis. Which response by the nurse is correct?

It is ultimately your decision, but telling him may prevent the spread of the disease in the future.

25. The student is angry with her boyfriend and says she is breaking up with him. Which is a priority nursing intervention?

Establish trust and maintain client confidentiality.

26. The nurse provides the student with instructions about ways to reduce the risk of HSV transmission. The nurse explains that a condom should always be worn between HSV outbreaks, and sexual activity should be avoided during the prodromal phase and when lesions are present. The nurse teaches the student how to recognize the prodromal stage of HSV. Which symptoms are indicative of the prodromal stage of genital HSV?

Tingling, burning, or itching at the site the lesions will eventually appear.

27. The nurse explains that even though the student's sexual partner will be wearing a condom, it is important for the student to understand the application of a latex condom to protect herself and her partner. Which instruction should the nurse include about condom application?

Ensure no air is trapped in the tip of the condom.

28. The nurse and student continue to develop a trusting nurse-client relationship. The nurse schedules a follow-up visit to check in with the student. Follow-up after the diagnosis of a STD/STI is which level of prevention?

Tertiary prevention.

29. During the follow up meeting, the student asks the nurse, "Is it possible to transmit the infection when I do not have any symptoms?" How should the nurse respond?

"It is possible to transmit the virus when no visible lesions or symptoms are present."