WEEK 2: Concepts of the Community and Philippine Health Situation

Community

A group of people with common characteristics or interests living together within a territory or geographical boundary. It is a place where people under usual conditions are found.

Geopolitical community

Territorial

ex. school

Phenomenological community

functional

ex.barangay

Population, location, and social systems.

Three Features of Community

Population Size and Density

Influences the number and size of health care institutions.

Population Composition

Health needs vary according to age, sex, occupation, level of education, and other population characteristics.

Location of the Community

Health is affected by natural and man-made variables related to the community's location.

Geographic Features

Land and water forms that influence food sources and prevalent occupations. Geography plays an important role in disasters.

Urban Health Problems

Higher population density contributes to health problems in urban communities.

Rural Health Problems

Inequalities in resources and economic opportunities contribute to health problems in rural communities.

Social System

The patterned series of interrelationships existing between individuals, groups, and institutions that form a coherent whole.

Clinician/care provider, educator, researcher, collaborator, advocate, manager, and leader.

Community Health Nurse Roles

Minnesota Intervention Wheel

A tool that illustrates what public health nurses do to improve health outcomes.

Surveillance

Describes and monitors health events.

Disease and Other Health Investigation

Systematically gathers and analyzes data regarding threats, determines the source, identifies what to do, and determines how services can be obtained.

Outreach

Locates populations and provides information about the nature of a concern, what can be done, and how services can be obtained.

Screening

Identifies unrecognized health risk factors or asymptomatic disease conditions.

Case Finding

Locates people with identified risk factors and connects them with resources.

Referral and Follow-Up

Assists clients in identifying and accessing necessary resources to prevent or resolve problems.

Case Management

Optimizes self-care capabilities of individuals and families and the capacity of the community.

Delegated Functions

Direct health tasks that are carried out as delegated.

Health Teaching

Communicates facts, ideas, and skills that change knowledge, attitudes, values, beliefs, behaviors, and practices.

Counseling

Establishes an interpersonal relationship with the intention of increasing or enhancing capacity for self-care.

Consultation

Seeks information and generates optional solutions.

Collaboration

Commits two or more persons to achieve a common goal.

Coalition Building

Promotes and develops alliances among organizations or constituencies for a common purpose.

Community Organizing

Helps community groups identify common problems, mobilize resources, and develop or implement strategies to achieve goals collectively.

Individual-focused, community-focused, system-focused, and population-based approaches.

Intervention Wheel Approaches

Philippine Health Situation

Information about the health status of the nation provides an idea of the health status of communities where community or public health nurses are assigned.

109,947,900.

Philippine Population in 2020

Philippine Population in 2016

103,320,000.

Projected Philippine Population in 2017

104.9 million, based on the 2015 Census of Population. Conducted by the Philippine Statistics Authority. The Philippines is the thirteenth most populous country in the world.

12.7%

As of 2017, the National Capital Region hosted ___ of the population. This creates problems in the area of housing, road traffic, pollution and crime.

younger than 15 years old

Young Philippine Population About one-third of the population was __ as of 2017.

24.3 years as of 2017.

Median Age of the Philippines

7% of its population is over 65 years old

A country is considered aging when at least __ , according to the source.

Declined from 2.7 to 1.5 during the period described in the source.

Philippine Population Growth Rate

Declined about a third (28.8) between from (86.3) 1980 to (57.5) in 2017.

Age Dependency Ratio

Slowly increasing, reflecting the growing elderly population.

Elderly Dependency Ratio

Increased from 159 persons per sq. km in 1980 to 352 persons per sq. km in 2017.

Philippine Population Density

62.5% to 55.8% between 1980 and 2017.

Proportion of the population residing in rural areas decreased from

Of an estimated 71.6 million population aged 15 years and over, 44.6 million

Philippine Labor Force in 2017

39.9% of the labor force in 2017.

Women in the Philippine Labor Force

22,975,630 households.

Number of Households in the Philippines

4.4 persons.

Average Household Size

98.3%.

Philippine Literacy Rate

Manila, with 13.699 million people in 2019.

Largest Philippine City by Population in Source

Davao, with 1.785 million people in 2019.

Second Largest City by Population in Source

Cebu City, with 967,000 people in 2019.

Third Largest City by Population in Source

Zamboanga, with 905,000 people in 2019.

Fourth Largest City by Population in Source

Antipolo, with 859,000 people in 2019.

Fifth Largest City by Population in Source

1,700,618 registered live births.

Registered Live Births in 2017

16.2 or approximately 16 births per 1,000 population.

Crude Birth Rate in 2017

2012 to 2017.

Registered live births showed a decreasing trend from

5.0% from 1,790,367 in 2012 to 1,700,618 in 2017.

Decreased by approximately n Registered Live Births last five years was

2.7 children per woman.

Total Fertility Rate in 2017

887,972 or 52.2%.

Male Births in 2017

812,646 or 47.8%.

Female Births in 2017

109 males per 100 females.

Sex Ratio at Birth 2017

4,659 babies were born daily.

Average Daily Births in the Philippines

194 babies were born per hour.

Average Hourly Births

3 babies were born per minute.

Average Births per Minute

Luzon 57.8%, Visayas 19.1%, and Mindanao 23.1%.

Live Births by Island Group

93.3% of births

Medically Attended Births in 2017

ARMM Medically Attended Births

The source reported a very low proportion of medically attended births, with more than half attended by traditional birth attendants. (hilot /unlicensed midwife).2017

40.4%.

Modern Family Planning Method Use

13.9%.

Traditional Family Planning Method Use

45.7%.

Not Currently Using Family Planning

22.8 years

Median Age at First Birth Among Women 25–29

53.3%

Births to Unwed Mothers: of registered live births in 2017 were born out of wedlock. The recorded highest number of illegitimate children born in 2017 by usual residence of mother were CALABARZON followed by NCR

196,478

babies were born to adolescent mothers in 2017. Adolescent Mother Births

52,342

babies were sired by adolescent fathers in 2017. Adolescent Father Births

27,068

Babies sired by fathers aged 50 years old and over (___) were far more than babies born to mothers of the same age group (328).

328

Babies sired by fathers aged 50 years old and over (27,068) were far more than babies born to mothers of the same age group (__)

20–24 years old.

Modal Age Group of Childbearing Mothers. Highest births belonged to mothers in this age group.

aged 25-29

highest frequency of live births fathers

26 years.

Median Age of Mothers Giving Birth

29 years.

Median Age of Fathers Giving Birth

Approximately 1,587 persons died daily.

Average Daily Deaths in 2017

Approximately 66 deaths occurred per hour.

Average Hourly Deaths in 2017

Approximately one death occurred per minute.

Average Deaths per Minute

Deaths among males were higher than deaths among females.

Sex Difference in Mortality

CALABARZON.

Top Region for Number of Deaths

NCR.

Second Region for Number of Deaths

Central Luzon.

Third Region for Number of Deaths

ARMM, CAR, and Caraga.

Regions with Least Number of Deaths

Ischemic heart diseases — 74,134 deaths.

Leading Cause of Death #1 in 2016

Malignant neoplasms/cancer — 60,470 deaths.

Leading Cause of Death #2 in 2016

Pneumonia — 57,809 deaths.

Leading Cause of Death #3 in 2016

August.

Highest Month for Deaths

February.

Lowest Month for Deaths

Acute lower respiratory tract infection and pneumonia.

Leading Cause of Morbidity in 2005

Bronchitis/bronchiolitis.

Second Mentioned Cause of Morbidity

6.4%.

Adult Obesity Prevalence in 2016

Bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever.

Major infectious disease with degree of risk are (2016) Food- or Waterborne Diseases

Dengue fever and malaria.

Major infectious disease with degree of risk are (2016) Vectorborne Diseases

Leptospirosis.

Major infectious disease with degree of risk are (2016) Water Contact Disease

HIV/AIDS Adult Prevalence

0.1% in 2018 according to the source.

Schistosomiasis

Continues to affect hundreds of barangays in 24 endemic provinces.

Polio Outbreak in the Philippines

Declared in September 2019; two cases were reported.