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Sanitary Drainage System
A system designed to remove waste and wastewater from buildings efficiently, following specific rules and components to ensure proper operation
Sanitary Piping Layout
The layout should ensure pipes take the shortest route to the house sewer, with control components like clean-outs and traps placed for efficient flow
Vent Pipe
Ensures air circulation in a plumbing system and relieves negative pressure on trap seals
Trap
A fitting that creates a liquid seal to prevent the backflow of foul air or methane gas, without affecting the flow of sewage
Stack
The main vertical pipe in a system of soil, waste, or vent piping, extending through one or more stories
Branch
Any part of the piping system other than the main pipe, riser, or stack
Waste Pipe
A pipe that conveys only wastewater or liquid waste free of fecal matter
House/Building Sewer
The pipe extending from the house drain to the street sewer or a discharge point, conveying drainage
House/Building Drain
The lowest horizontal piping inside a building, receiving waste from soil, waste, and drainage pipes and conveying it outside to the sewer
Horizontal to Horizontal change in direction
use 45° wye branches, combination wye – 1/8 bend branches, or other approved fittings of equivalent sweep
Vertical to Horizontal change in direction
45° wye branches or other approved fittings of equivalent sweep
Horizontal to vertical change in direction
No fitting having more than one inlet at the same level shall be used
Fixture Unit (F.U.)
A unit that measures the discharge rate of plumbing fixtures, based on the size of the required trap
Minimum Slope of Sanitary Drainage Lines
Horizontal drainage pipes should have a minimum slope of 2% or 20 mm/m to ensure proper drainage
P-Trap
A common trap used for lavatories, sinks, and tubs, made from materials like PVC and bras
Deep Seal P-Trap
A trap with a water seal twice the size of a P-trap, used for extreme conditions where resealing is crucial
Stand Trap
Used for fixtures such as slop sinksthat are usually built low in the ground, leaving very little space for a foundation & a trap
Running Trap
Used within the line of the house drain
Drum Trap
A trap with a large diameter, used for fixtures that discharge a large amount of water, such as bathtub
Types of Prohibited Traps
Traps with movable parts or concealed interior partitions
The S-Trap
No fixtures shall be doubled trapped
one
Only _ trap shall be permitted on a trap arm (portion of a fixture drain between a trap and the vent)
three
One trap, centrally located, may serve _ single compartment sinks or laundry tubs or lavatories, adjacent to each other and in the same room, where their waste outlets are not more than 0.75 m apart.
same size
The trap shall be the _ as the trap arm to which it is connected.
51 mm ; 102 mm
Each fixture trap shall have a trap seal of water of not less than and not more than (except where a deeper seal is found necessary by the Administrative Authority for special conditions
INSTALLATION OF TRAPS
The vertical distance between a fixture outlet tailpiece and the trap weir shall not exceed 0.60 m in length.
cleanout
For trap arm 76 mm dia or larger, a _ is required for a change of direction of greater than 22 ½ °.
Interceptors
a device designed and installed to separate and retain deleterious, hazardous or undesirable matters from normal wastes and permits normal sewage or liquid wastes to discharge into the disposal terminal by gravity) shall have a water seal of not less than 152 mm deep.
Clean-Outs
Access points for clearing blockages in the drainage system, required at key intervals and bends
not required
For establishments like restaurants, cafes, lunch counters, cafeterias, bars and clubs, hotel, hospital, sanitarium, factory or school kitchens. A grease trap is _ for individual dwelling units
Grease Traps
Devices that separate grease from water, required in commercial kitchens to prevent pipe blockages
TRUE
No food waste disposal unit shall discharge into a grease interceptor or grease trap
Earth Cooled and Mechanical
2 MAIN TYPES OF GREASE TRAP
Operating Principles
(separation of grease from water): grease suspended in waste floats to the surface
HOUSE TRAPS
Placed in the house drain immediately inside the foundation wallof the building
DRAIN TILES
Used to prevent groundwater from seeping through thebasement walls & foundation
Hollow tiles
are placed around the perimeter of the foundation where water is collected; are connected to the housedrain or sump pit
Garage Traps
a.k.a. garage catch basin
Operating Principles: trap is filled with water & located at thelowest point of the garage so it can collect all wastes.
Backflow Valve
A valve installed to prevent the reverse flow of sewage into the building
Sewage Ejectors
Pumps that transport waste from lower levels (like basements) to sewers higher than the drain leve