lab 19- gymnosperms

gymnosperms

produces seeds left exposed to the environment

reson

a mixture of organic compounds that plays a role in protecting the plant from microbial diseases in pine

resin canals

resin is produced in a series of _______ that extend throughout the pine

glandular canals

resin canals are bordered by ________ that secrete resin into the canals

meiosis

gymnosperms produce spores via mitosis or meiosis

early wood

a

late wood

b

resin canal

c

tracheid

d

pine wood cross section

e

secondary phloem

a

bark

b

secondary xylem

c

vascular cambium

d

pith

e

resin ducts

f

pine stem

g

fascicles

leaves of conifers are found in bundles called

epidermis

pine leaves have stomata found in a layer of cells just below the

hypodermis

stomata are found in a layer of cells called the

sunken stomata

stomata in pine leaves are referred to as

endodermis

what surrounds pine vascular bundles

leaf mesophyll

where are pine vascular bundles located

transfusion tissue

thin-walled cells found between vascular tissues and the endodermis are

one generative cells, one tube cell, and two body cells

what four cells are pollen grain of pines

pollen cones

composed of thin, papery scales attached to a central cone axis

pollen grain

microspores divide by mitosis to form an immature male gametophyte known as a _________

pollen tube

what does the tube cell of a pollen grain elongate to form

air bladders

on both sides of the central area of the pollen grain are two ________ to provide buoyancy in the air

ovules

what do gymnosperms and other seed plants produce

integument (seed coat)

ovules are bound by a protective wall called the

the seed coat

what does the integument harden to form

seed

once the embryo develops in the ovule, what is the entire structure called

micropyle

opening on one end of the ovule

micropyle

opening through which pollen grains enter during the process of pollination

pollen chamber

where pollen grains reset in a small open space found within the micropyle

nucellus

pollen grains rest on the remnants of the megasporangium called the

ovuliferous scales

what surface are ovules produced on

seed cone

female pine alternative name

megasporangium and megasporocyte

what do ovule contain when first produced

megaspore

one cell left in ovule after meiosis produces four haploid cells where three degenerate

female gametophyte

what does the megaspore produce after several round of mitosis

archegonia

the female gametophyte produces at least two

egg

each archegonia produces a single

the root, radicle, shoot, and epicotyl

what do embryo cell form

epicotyl

surrounded by cotyledons and provide nutrients to embryo during germination

cotyledons

often called seed leaves, and surrounds the epicotyl