geography - option E (1/2)

leisure

leisure refers to free time or activities that are done for enjoyment, relaxation, and personal satisfaction

sport

activities involving physical exertion with established rules

tourism

travelling, where the individual stays at least one night at a hotel (maximum for 6 months)

changing patterns of leisure

we have more free time than our parents and/or grandparents

• technological changes (improvements in transportation and information)

• changing work styles (freelance)

• legal regulations (numbers of leaves and days)

• we are richer, so we can allow ourselves to not work all the time

• political changes in the world (we can move freely)

 

purpose of leisure time

• to reduce stress (important for mental health and increased productivity)

• to discover (cultural and personal development)

• to follow our passions

• in the past it was important to rest physically (as most jobs required that strength)

 

people in less developed countries

• may have more leisure time due to unemployment

• they might have to relax more physically than mental

touristic activities influences

(cost, duration, destination)

• space travel vs local travel

• 30 day trip vs city break (usually 2-3 days)

• long-distance vs short-distance

sporting activities influences

(cost, popularity, site)

• running vs racing

• basketball/football vs Gaelic football/cheese rolling

• golfing vs speed-walking

personal factors

• affluence (rich people can do more sports)

• gender (women will not have the same opportunities in certain sports)

• stage in lifecycle (people will not be able to start certain sports at some point in your life)

• personality (aggressive people will not be welcome in contact sports)

• place of residence (in certain areas you are less likely to have some opportunities)

package tourism

everything is pre-prepared; you have to do whatever is chosen

example (study case)

China

• they prefer to travel than do sports (increase in tourism)

• reasons: technological advancements, tradition, long working hours, extra free days and national holidays

touristic hotspot

a place that is visited more and attractive more than others

touristic resources

anything that tourists are interested in

• primary - without intention, ex. historic sites, geographic attractions

• secondary - with intention, ex. hotels, museums, amusement parks

ex. Venice - primary: canals, churches, bridges, old town, theater ; secondary: gondola, hotels, museums, pizzerias

what is more important?

• Las Vegas is a hotspot based solely on secondary touristic resources

• Energylandia is a hotspot based on solely on secondary touristic resources

• Grand Canyon is a hotspot and is a primary touristic resource

• Kolorowe Jeziorka are a touristic hotspot and are a primary resource

human and physical factors

• human factors are important in accessibility (ex. skiing resorts)

• physical factors determine whether humans will interfere

• human and physical factors can sometimes interfere (ex. catastrophes, wars)

sphere of influence

(actually two-dimensional)

variations:

• popularity of facilities

• public transport

• state borders

• natural obstacles (ex. mountains)

• lack of infrastructure (ex. roads)

• quantity of the kind of facility

• type of events (ex. local vs national)

examples

ex. Paris sphere size and variations:

• international size (people come there from all over the world)

• type of events influence whether there are more or less people visiting

 

ex. Singapore sphere size and variation:

• international size, but smaller than Paris

• varies based on location (more people coming from Asia)

• varies on season because of the weather

is it possible to change the sphere of influence?

• to increase (ex. ads, new attractions, better transport)

• to decrease (ex. border controls, expensive tickets, opinions)

sports league

a group of sports clubs which play each other over a period for a championship

 

NBA - National Basketball Association

• 30 teams

• divided into two conferences

• divided into 3 divisions (5 teams each)

• 8 teams from each conference fight for the championship

• more teams on the east side of the USA (maybe because there is more people, more attractive when getting players, need of fans and sponsors)

requirements

• content of teams: highly skilled (in sports) people, from different countries

• teams are organized in an area, need sponsorship, trainers, substitute players, etc.

• source of money: merchandise, tickets, streaming, sponsors

• average price of NBA tickets between 85 and 95 $

• average salary of NBA players is around 10 million $

reason of support

• feeling of community

• emotional connection

• social/family pressure

• feeling of winning

• support of a player

costs and benefits of temporary sites of leisure

• Coachella

• Burning Man

• Glastonbury Festival