Chemistry- C2: The Periodic Table
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Last updated 9:56 PM on 3/26/23
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20 Terms
1
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What is a group?
How many electrons each element has on its outermost shell
2
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What was John Dalton’s periodic table?
Arranged elements in order of atomic weight
3
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What was John Newlands periodic table?
\-Arranged elements in order of atomic weight
\-Noticed every eighth element was similar (Law of Octaves)
\-Did not take into account there was still elements to discover
\-Noticed every eighth element was similar (Law of Octaves)
\-Did not take into account there was still elements to discover
4
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What was Mendeleev periodic table?
\-Arranged in order of atomic weights
\-Arranged so a periodic pattern could be seen in their properties
\-Left gaps for unknown elements which matched predictions
\-Arranged so a periodic pattern could be seen in their properties
\-Left gaps for unknown elements which matched predictions
5
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Differences between metals and nonmetals
\-Metals conduct electricity
\-Metals normally have higher melting/boiling points
\-Metals are ductile and malleable, nonmetals are brittle
\-Metals normally have higher melting/boiling points
\-Metals are ductile and malleable, nonmetals are brittle
6
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Why don’t noble gases react?
They have a full outermost shell
7
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What is the boiling point trend in the Noble Gases?
The boiling points get higher going down the group
8
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What are the group 0 metals called?
The noble gases
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What are the group 1 metals called?
The alkali metals
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Properties of the alkali metals
\-Low density
\-Soft
\-React with non-metals
\-Very reactive
\-Soft
\-React with non-metals
\-Very reactive
11
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Trends of the alkali metals
\-Reactivity increases going down the group
\-Boiling/melting points decrease going down the group
\-Boiling/melting points decrease going down the group
12
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Why do the elements in group 1 act similarly?
They all have one electron in their outermost shell
13
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How do elements in group one react with oxygen?
\-Give off heat
\-Forms a white oxide that covers the surface
\-Forms a white oxide that covers the surface
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How do elements in group one react with water?
\-Effervesces
\-More reactive metals produce a lilac flame
\-More reactive metals produce a lilac flame
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What are the group 7 elements called?
The halogens
16
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Properties of the group 7 elements
\-Low melting/boiling points
\-Poor conductors of heat/electricity
\-Poor conductors of heat/electricity
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Why do the group 7 elements react similarly?
They all have 7 electrons in their outermost shell
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What are the trends of the group 7 elements?
\-Reactivity decreases going down the group
\-Melting/boiling points increase going down the group
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\-Melting/boiling points increase going down the group
\
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How does the electronic structure link to reactivity in group 1?
\-The further down the group you go the more shells the atom has so the attraction between the shell and nucleus is weaker, meaning the shell will get lost quicker and the reaction will happen faster
20
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How does the electronic structure link to reactivity in group 7?
\-The further down the group you go the more shells the atom has so the attraction between the shell and nucleus is weaker meaning its harder for the atom to gain an electron