Logic Chapter 1 Terms

Logic (1.1)

The science that evaluates arguments; history of, Logical operators, definitions of

argument (1.1)

one or more statements of which (the premises) are claimed to provide support for

good arguments (1.1)

premises really do support the conclusion

bad argument (1.1)

premises not do support the conclusion even though they are claimed to

statement (1.1)

A sentence that is either true or false

truth values (1.1)

the truth or falsity of a statement

premises (1.1)

statements that give evidence for a conclusion

conclusion (1.1)

statement that the evidence is claimed to support

conclusion indicators (1.1)

indicator words that provide clues in identifying premises and conclusion

premise indicators (1.1)

-since

-owing to

-as indicated by

inference (1.1)

ones own deduction given an argument

proposition (1.1)

an idea put forth; the statement

who is considered to be the "father of logic" (1.1)

Aristotle

modal logic (1.1)

logic on concepts such as possibility, necessity, belief, and doubt

warning (1.2)

form of expression that is intended to put someone on guard against a dangerous or detrimental situation

piece of advice (1.2)

makes a recommendation about some future decision or course of conduct.

opinion (1.2)

what someone happens to believe or think

Loosely associated statements (1.2)

lack a claim that one of them is proved by the others

report (1.2)

group of statements that convey information about some topic or event

expository passage (1.2)

begins with a topic sentence followed by one or more sentences that develop the topic sentence

illustration (1.2)

one or more examples intended to display what something means or how it is done

arguments from example (1.2)

argument that trys to prove something by giving examples of it

explanandum (1.2)

describes the event or phenomenon to be explained

explanans (1.2)

explains the event or phenomenon

conditional statement (1.2)

an if-then statement

antecedent (1.2)

statement immediately following the “if” in a conditional statement

consequent (1.2)

following the “then”

sufficient condition (1.2)

The condition represented by the antecedent in a conditional statement

necessary condition (1.2)

condition represented by the consequent