A&P Chapter six The Axial Skeleton

Almost all bones of the body can be classified into five main types based on their shape. Name them.

Long bone, Flat bone, Irregular bone, Short bone, sesamoid bone.

Vocab- Sulcus

A shallow groove, furrow or fissure found on the surface of an organ or tissue in the body.

The branch of medical science associated with the musculoskeletal system.

Orthopedics

The two types of bones based on location

Wormian in sutures of cranial bones. And sesamoid.

Bone classified by location rather than shape. Small flat bones located in sutures (joints) between certain cranial cavity bones.

Sutural bones

Bone located in tendons and ligament

Sesamoid bone

80 bones along the axis of the body including the skull, hyoid bone, vertebral column, sternum and ribs.

Axial Skeleton

126 bones of the upper and lower extremities and the pectoral (shoulder) and pelvic (hip) girdles, which attach them to the rest  of the skeleton.

Appendicular skeleton

there are __ bones of cranium and face.

22

______ suture.

Coronal

Sagittal suture.

lambdoid suture

Squamous suture

dense connective tissue in fetuses and infants.

Fontanelles

At birth how many fontanelles does a fetus have

six.

The four major fontanelles.

Anterior, Posterior, Anterolateral, Posterolateral

The two major functions for fontanelles.

modify skull shape and size at delivery, and provide rapid growth for brain during infancy.

What cranial cavity bone is this?

Frontal bone

What cranial cavity bone is this?

Temporal Bone

What cranial cavity bone is this?

Parietal bone

What cranial cavity bone is this?

Occipital bone

What cranial cavity bone is this?

Sphenoid bone

What cranial cavity bone is this?

Ethmoid bone

Facial bone

Nasal bone

Facial bone

Maxilla

Facial bone

Zygomatic bone

Facial bone

Mandible

Facial bone

Lacrimal bone

Facial bone

Palatine Bone

Facial bone

Inferior nasal concha

Facial bone

Vomer

hyoid bone this is the only bone that does not connect to another bone

____ collom. _ bones included.

Cervical. 7

______ column. _ bones included.

Thoracic, 12

Lumbar column 5 bones

Sacrum 5 fused

coccyx

cartilage between vertebrae that forms joints and permits movement. 

intervertebral disc

there are four curves when looking at the spine from the side

thoracic, sacral, cervical, lumbar

The solid, heavy block at the front that bears your body weight.

Centrum Vertebral body

A ring of bone attached to the back of the body that creates a hole for your spinal cord to pass through safely.

Vertebral arch

Seven tiny bony handles extending outward that serve as attachment points for muscles and connect each vertebra to the ones above and below it.

the seven processes

The top bone swivels around this peg, allowing you to shake your head "no".

Dens or odontoid process

During a violent whip-like movement of the neck (like in a car accident), this _____ can shift backward sharply against the spinal cord passing right behind it, potentially causing severe nerve damage or injury.

peg like dens

The thorax forms a protective, flexible cage around the heart and lungs, built from three primary components: First

Sternum

The thorax forms a protective, flexible cage around the heart and lungs, built from three primary components: Second

Ribs

The thorax forms a protective, flexible cage around the heart and lungs, built from three primary components: Third

Costal cartilage

a medical procedure used to collect a sample of red bone marrow from the sternum (breastbone) using a specialized needle.

Sternal Puncture

A type of vertebral condition

kyphosis

A type of vertebral condition

lordosis

Spina bifida