DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

How many functions does digestive system have

3

What are the three main function of digestive system

1. Taking in and breaking food in smaller pieces
2. absorption of nutrients
3. excretion of wastes

What are the two types of digestion

mechanical and chemical digestion

What is mechanical digestion

food is breaken down by grinding action of teeth and squeezing of muscles

What is chemical digestion

food is breaken down by actions of chemicals like hydrochloric acid and enzymes like saliva

What are the 4 stages of digestion

ingestiondigestionabsorptionegestion

What is ingestion?

mounth and teeth grind food
peristalis (muscular contractions) help push food down esophagus

What is peristalsis?

smooth musclemuscular contractions which help to push food down the esophagus

What is digestion?

stomach turns solid food into chyme (liquid goop) and sends it to the small intestine

Absorption in small intestine

most nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine and sent to blood stream

What is egestion?

waste material is sent to large intestine where it is absorbed. final waste products (feces) is released through anus.

What does the mouth/oral cavity do

breaks down food (mechanical digestion)chewing
Saliva produced by epithelial tissue (chemical digestion)

What does the pharynx (throat) do?

connects to the esophagus
Epiglottis (flap) covers the trachae to prevent food going down the breathing tube

What is the epiglottis?

a flap that flips down to cover the entry to the trachea during swallowing

What does the esophagus do?

connects mouth to stomach
smooth muscle contracts and relaxes to push food to stomach (called peristalis)

what is peristalis

smooth muscle contracts and relaxes to push food to stomach

What does the stomach do

holds food
physical digestion (muscles churn food)
chemical digestion (hydrochloric acid and enzymes break down food and bacteria)

How much food can the stomach hold?

2 liter

What type of digestion takes place in stomach

Physical digestion: muscles churn food
Chemical digestion: hydrochloric acid and enzymes break down food and kill harmful parasites

What does the small intestine do?

chemical digestion and absorption

What types of digestion happen in small intestine

chemical digestion

How are nutrients absorbed in small intestine

absorbed through the intestine walls and into blood stream

How long is the small intestine?

23 feet long

What is the small intestine lined with?

microvilli

What parts are the large intestine

has 3 parts colon

What does the large intestine do?

water absorption
storage of feces
removing feces

What are the accessory organs?

liver

What doe the accessory organs do

provide digestive enzymes that help break down food

What is the liver?

large reddish-brown organ that helps with digestion; located on the left side of digestive system

What is the pancreas?

just behind your stomach
During digestion

What is the gallbladder?

a small organ on the left side

What is the role of the digestive system

to supply body with fuel to participate in physical activity

Timing and quantity of the digestive system

digestion takes time to begin and complete
do not consme a lot of food bc it will not have digested to supply energy