electricity

cramming

voltage

the difference in potential energy across an energy source or circuit component

current

the flow of charge, which transfers energy around a circuit.

resistance

how much a component opposes the flow of current through it

ohm’s law

V= I x R

alternating current

electricity where the flow of charge changes direction back and forth many times per second

direct current

electricity where the flow of charge moves in one constant direction

conductors of electricity

copper, aluminium, silver

active wire brown

carries current from the power source to a device at high voltage.

neutral wire, blue

carries current back to the power source and completes the circuit.

earth wire, green and yellow

safely directs excess electricity into the ground to prevent electric shocks.

fuses

thin wire between the live and terminal pin

circuit breakers

a switch that turns off a circuit if too much current flows through it

non contact forces

gravitational force, magnetic force, electrostatic force

magnetic field

force field around magnets where there is a magnetic force

electromagnet

magnet formed when electric current flows through a coil of wire

rule of magnetic flux lines

always come out of the north pole and flow into the south pole

resistor

limits or regulates the flow of electric current

transformer

increases or decreases AC voltage

things that use ac current

refrigerators, lighting, fans

things that use dc current

laptops, flashlights, remote control