4.8: Continuity and Change 1450-1750 a

Religious unification of Europe under a single church

Which of the following was NOT a major factor that enabled the rise of global trade between 1450–1750?

Which of the following crops was introduced to Afro-Eurasia as part of the Columbian Exchange?

The introduction of new crops such as maize and potatoes from the Americas greatly impacted agricultural practices and diets in Europe, Asia, and Africa.

The spread of diseases such as smallpox and measles, which led to significant population decline among indigenous peoples.

What was one of the most devastating consequences of the Columbian Exchange for indigenous populations in the Americas?

The shift from subsistence farming to cash crop production, driven by global demand.

Which of the following represents a major change in agriculture during the early modern global economy?

It increased the wealth and political power of the middle class

How did commercial agriculture affect social structures in early modern Europe?

The Atlantic Slave Trade led to a disproportionate loss of male populations, resulting in social imbalances and challenges in family structures, which often increased the burden on women to fulfill roles traditionally held by men.

What gender-specific impact did the Atlantic Slave Trade have on African societies?

Deforestation, soil depletion, and loss of biodiversity.

Which of the following was an environmental consequence of global agricultural expansion?

Colonies provided raw materials and markets for European goods, reinforcing economic dependence.

Under the system of mercantilism, how were colonies used to benefit European powers?

What was one major result of the Seven Years’ War (1756–1763)?

Britain gained control over French colonies in the Caribbean and Canada.

the Portuguese loss of control over trade routes in Asia.

The Dutch-Portuguese War resulted in: