psychology 23

Motivations

Needs or desires that energize and direct behavior.

Instinct

Complex, unlearned behavior rigidly patterned throughout a species.

Incentives

Positive or negative stimuli motivating behavior, can be used for individuals.

Extrinsic motivation

Using rewards to influence behavior.

Intrinsic motivation

Internal drive to improve or achieve a goal.

Overjustification effect

Expected external incentives decrease intrinsic motivation.

Homeostasis

Maintenance of a steady internal state.

Needs

Fundamental biological and psychological requirements for health.

Drives

Arousal compelling us to satisfy needs.

Drive-reduction theory

Physiological need creates tension motivating need satisfaction.

Arousal theory

Each person has a unique arousal level.

Buffet effect

Liking to try different foods leading to overeating.

Set point

Individual's lean weight thermostat setting.

Alfred Kinsey

Studied sexual habits, partners, practices, and destigmatized sex.

Abraham Maslow

Known for the hierarchy of needs pyramid.

Jonathan Haidt

Research on increased female diagnoses of depression and anxiety in Gen Z.