Ap bio unit 1 test

Monomer

building blocks of polymers

Ionic bonds

chemical bond formed due to the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions in ionic compounds

Ion

an atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons

Polypeptide

organic polymer consisting of a large number of amino-acid residues bonded together in a chain,

peptide bonds

are covalent links that connect amino acids to form polypeptides and proteins (Dehydration Synthesis)

Dehydration synthesis

is a chemical reaction that involves the removal of water to join molecules together. It is essential in forming polymers from monomers, such as linking amino acids to form proteins.

Primary structure

the linear sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain

Primary structure

Secondary structure

local folding patterns stabilized by hydrogen bonds between backbone atoms

Secondary structure

tertiary structure

A structure of 2-100 amino acids that folds into a specific three-dimensional shape.

Tertiary structure

quaternary structure

quaternary structure

A structure of multiple tertiary structures

Hydrogen Bond

an attractive dipole-dipole interaction between a partially positive charged hydrogen atom in one molecule and a partially negative charged atom in the same or different molecule (Most hydrogen bonds occur between oxygen, nitrogen, Florine)

Dipole

A molicule with a negative end and positive end

monosacharide

most basic form of a carbohydrate

polysaccharide

1. 
   

\a carbohydrate (e.g. starch, cellulose, or glycogen) whose molecules consist of a number of sugar molecules bonded together.

carbohydrate

amino acid

lipid

Monosaturated FAT

A lipid with one double bond

saturated fat

A lipid that is is not bent and has only single c-c bonds

Unsaturated fat

A lipid with at least one c-c double bond(typically has kinks or bends)

saturated fat