Module 8: The Origins and Functions of Writing

These flashcards cover key concepts from the lecture on the origins and functions of writing, historical links to state power and social differentiation.

Writing

A way of storing speech information using a predefined set of visual symbols.

Cuneiform Tablet

An ancient clay tablet covered in wedge-shaped writing, used to help people communicate.

Sumerian

The oldest written language, known for its cuneiform script.

Ideology

A set of beliefs or principles, in this context referring to the narratives that affirm kingship and power.

Hammurabi's Code

A collection of laws from the sixth king of Babylon, reflecting social control and class distinctions.

Chinese Oracle Bones

Ancient artifacts that included written characters, used for divination during the Shang dynasty.

Maya Script

A system of writing used by the ancient Maya civilization, characterized by hieroglyphs.

Inca Quipu

A system of knotted cords used by the Incas for accounting and communication.

Epic of Gilgamesh

An ancient Mesopotamian epic poem that reflects themes of monarchy and the relationship between humans and gods.

Social Differentiation

The process by which different social roles and identities are established within a society, often linked to state power and writing.