Intermediate & Deep Layer Back Muscles

Intermediate & Deep Layer Back Muscles

Serratus Posterior (Superior and Inferior)

Superior: elevates ribs 2-5 (used when inhaling) (used for inspiration) 

Inferior: depresses ribs 9-12 (used when exhaling) (used for expiration)

Erector Spinae Group

• responsible for spinal extension (leaning back and pushing your hips out)

• lateral flexion of spine and head (bending sideways)

• used to maintain good posture

• stabilization of the vertebral column while walking

• respiration and spinal movement 

• ESA covers the erector spinae muscles and contributes to the stability of the sacroiliac joint 

Semispanilis

• tilts the head back (looking up) (most powerful extensor of the head) 

• rotation of head (turning to look behind)

• extension, lateral flexion, and rotation of the vertebral column

Multifidus

• extension, lateral flexion and rotation of the vertebral column

• maintains good posture and spinal stability during all movements