Studied by 6 people
What part of the body has no capillaries?
Epidermis
How are lymphatic vessels and veins alike?
Similar Structure
What are electrolytes?
Essential minerals—like sodium, calcium, and potassium—that are vital to many key functions in the body.
What causes lymphedema?
Blockage of lymphatic drainage
What does deoxygenated blood carry?
Waste
What makes up the fluid part of lymph?
White blood cells
What is an esthetic symptom of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)?
Excessive facial hair growth
Where are acne flare-ups common in the week before menstruation?
Chin and Jawline
Where do the small pinpoint bumps associated with keratosis pillars usually appear?
Back of arms or Cheeks
What is a symptom of hypothyroidism?
Weight gain, fatigue, & dry skin
What is a physical sign of an estrogen deficiency?
Very dry skin
Which gland produces melatonin?
Pineal
What does cortisol do when the body is stressed?
Increase blood sugar levels
Where does hirsutism usually strike in women experiencing hormonal fluctuations?
Face
How many major endocrine glands are there in the human body?
8
Where is the dispersing electrode usually placed when using mono-polar radio-frequency (RF) treatments?
Client's thigh or back.
What is a parameter by which laser hazard classifications are determined?
Laser output energy, or power & wavelengths
What is NOT a condition that lasers absorbed by oxyhemoglobin are used to treat?
Melasma
What is red LED light used for?
Reduce pain, build collagen, and increase circulation
What is a clinical application for a CO2 laser?
Ablative laser resurfacing.
What is NOT one of the basic types of light that make up the electromagnetic spectrum?
Incandescent
What are the 4 characteristics of lasers?
Coherence, Directionality, Monochromatic, High intensity.
What is not a characteristic of lasers?
Divergent is not a characteristics of laser.
Describe laser
Monochromatic (single color), coherent (organized), collimated (tight, parallel beam)
What 3 parts does a laser need in order to work properly?
Energy source, active medium, & optical cavity
What is a unit that measures the wavelength of light?
Nanometer
What light is outside of the visible spectrum?
Ultraviolet
Why do UV rays damage the skin?
The rays are shorter and mainly absorbed by the outer layers of the skin.
What are the 3 types of chromophores?
Melanin, Hemoglobin, & Water
Which laser is designed for Tattoo Removal?
Q-Switch
What are 4 types of light-tissue effects?
S.T.A.R. Scatter, Transmission Absorption Reflection
What is the optimal tissue response with laser?
Absorption
What are the 3 settings YOU will control on the laser?
Spot size, wavelength, & fluence
What chromophore does a ND:YAG target?
Oxyhemoglobin
What laser works well to treat hair removal in Fitz V & VI?
ND:YAG
Targets blood supply to dermal papilla
What is IPL?
Broad-spectrum of light that targets melanin and hemoglobin
Which laser is most effective for hair removal on Fitz II - IV?
Alexandrite
What is clinical use for LED therapy?
Reduction of pain
What color LED is used for acne skin?
Blue
What is NOT one of the three I's of the Roberts Skin Type Classification System?
Irritation
What Fitzpatrick skin type is common amongst people of Mediterranean backgrounds?
Type IV
What Glogau classification includes severe acne scarring?
Type IV
What is a characteristic of a person with a type I Glogau classification?
No wrinkles at rest or while moving
What Fitzpatrick type is common amongst people of a primarily Scottish background?
Type I
What type of treatment is indicated for a client with a level two Rubin's classification?
Medium-Depth Peel
What is a characteristic of women with androgen isotypes?
Oilier skin
What element is related to redness and couperose skin in Traditional Chinese Medicine?
Fire
What do moisturizers typically help skin to do?
Retain Moisture
What term refers to a condensation reaction of an alcohol and an acid that yields an ester and water?
Esterification
What is a common side effect of AHA use?
Chemical Folliculitis
What can cause the skin to lose moisture?
Damage to the barrier of the skin
Where should you use an AHA when treating a client with a blemish?
Over the entire area with a tendency to blemish
What do titanium dioxide and zinc oxide do when used in sunscreen?
Protect against both UVA and UVB light
What do free radicals do?
They cause damage to parts of cells such as proteins, DNA, and cell membranes by stealing their electrons
What is a characteristic of Vitamin C?
Rapidly deactivated when exposed to moisture and oxygen
What ingredient may be included in a performance cream to reduce the effects of hyperpigmentation?
Kojic Acid, Licorice Root, Vit C, Hydroquinone
What is a function of ascorbic acid?
Antioxidant (Vit C)
What type of product consists of a sealed glass vial containing concentrated ingredients?
Ampoule
What should a cleanser do?
Remove debris/makeup, while maintaining the skin's natural protective barrier
What is NOT an ingredient commonly used in masks designed for acne-prone skin?
Emollients
What does the term proteolytic mean?
Protein-Dissolving
Explain AHA's.
They are water-loving and work through the hydrophilic aspect of the epidermis
What does superficial exfoliation do?
Improve rough textures
What is the FINAL building block of treatment?
Protection
What chemical is used in deep peeling?
Phenol
What Fitzpatrick skin types are not good candidates for chemical exfoliation?
V and VI
What type of products are recommended for clients who use retinoids?
Hydrating
What type of excess hair growth is androgen dependent?
Hirsutism
What is Poikiloderma of Civatte?
Red or Brown discoloration on the chin and neck from UV damage
What Fitzpatrick skin type is NOT appropriate for laser hair removal using an alexandrite laser?
Type V & VI
What is NOT an indication for electrodessication?
Wrinkles
How often should IPL maintenance treatments be performed?
Every 6 to 12 months.
Thermal relaxation time (TRT) is the time it takes for _______ percent of heat energy to be dissipated from the target tissue.
50%
What color LED light is used to lessen hyperpigmentation, reduce redness, and calm/soothe the skin?
Green
What is considered an acceptable spot size for laser hair removal?
12 to 18 Millimeters
What does the handpick used with an ultrasonic device for cavitation resemble?
Spatula
How long does it take for hypopigmentation that results as a side effect of a treatment to resolve itself.
Up to 2 years.
What are the side effects of laser hair removal?
Edema, Erythema, Hyperpigmentation, & Crusting
What is the protocol for lengthening muscles with microcurrent?
Start at the belly and move outward toward the origin and insertion.
What does Microneedling do?
It stimulates collagen growth
What is particularly suited to pre-surgical treatment because of its gentle hydrating and exfoliating benefits?
Ultrasonic
What should be the LAST treatment performed before surgery?
Hydrating Facial
How long after jowl/neck/chin liposuction must the patient wear a chin/neck bra continuously?
First 48 to 72 Hours
Formation of new epidermis is also called ______.
Reepitheliazation
What do pre-laser products focus most intensively on?
Exfoliation
What should NOT be used as an exfoliant in a pre-surgery home care kit?
Vitamin C Derivatives
What type of skin can oncology patient's have?
Fragile, dry, & dehydrated
How long before a client has surgery or an ablative procedure, should you begin a treatment plan to improve the healing process and overall outcome?
8 Weeks
How often should the patient apply solution soaks to the area after the physician removes the dressing after CO2/Erbium nD:YAG laser resurfacing treatment?
Every 2 to 3 Hours
What condition is a sign that you should refer the client back to the physician after a surgical procedure?
Unexpected changes to the wound
A key ingredient in cleansers is ___________.
Enzymes
How long after CO2/Erbium Nd:YAG laser resurfacing does reepitheliazation occur?
3 to 14 Days
How long after a blepharoplasty may the client return to using a hydrating eye cream?
2 Weeks
Why is it important to be knowledgeable about medical skin procedures?
To help you recommend proper pre & post-treatment services
What basic strengths do glycolic acids come in for use as peeling agents?
15% and 30%. Anything above is MD only.
What procedure is out of the estheticians scope of practice?
Botox and Fillers
What is eyelid pytosis?
The eyelid is paralyzed. Can be caused from Botox.
What is the bacterium from which Botox Cosmetic and Dysport are derived?
Botulinum Toxin
What service falls within the field of esthetics as opposed to the field of medical esthetics?
Microdermabrasion
Where on the face can a careless product injection lead to eyelid ptosis?
Lower forehead
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