BIO203 a&p - intro anatomical terminology

anatomy

study the STRUCTURE of body parts

physiology

study the FUNCTION of body parts

anatomical position

body is erect, facing you, arms at side, palms facing you, feet pointing towards you

superior

located above

inferior

located below

anterior

front

posterior

back

medial

toward the median line

lateral

away from median line

proximal

nearby

distal

far away

sagittal section

divide body into right and left portions

midsagittal section

divide body into EQUAL right and left portions

frontal section

divide body into anterior and posterior portions

transverse section

divide body into upper and lower portions

head (cephalic region)

-cranial region = round portion that protects brain

-facial region = anterior portion/face

neck

cervical

anterior portion of trunk

-2 pectoral regions

-2 groin regions

-1 abdominal region

posterior portion of trunk

-costal region

-lumbar region

-buttock region

forehead

frontal

eyes

orbital

nose

nasal

cheekbones

zygomatic

cheeks

buccal

ears

auricular

mouth

oral

chin

mental

armpit

axillary

upper arm

brachium

forearm

antebrachium

anterior elbow

antecubital

posterior elbow

cubital

wrist

carpal

hand

manus

thumb

pollex

groin

inguinal

thigh

femoral

leg

crural

anterior knee

patellar

posterior knee

popliteal

ankle

tarsal

foot

pes

sole of foot

plantar

big toe

hallux

2 portions of the body

axial portion, appendicular portion,

axial portion

head, neck, trunk

appendicular portion

upper and lower limbs

2 major cavities within axial portion

dorsal cavity, ventral cavity

contents within dorsal cavity

-cranial cavity=brain

-spinal cavity=spinal cord

cavities within ventral cavity

thoracic cavity, abdominal cavity, pelvic cavity

thoracic cavity

-superior to diaphragm

-contains L/R lungs in pleural cavities

-contains central mediastinum THAT contains trachea, esophagus, heart, large blood vessels, thymus gland

-heart within pericardial cavity

abdominal cavity

digestive organs and kidneys

pelvic cavity

reproductive organs and bladder

abdomen quadrants

right upper, right lower, left upper, left lower

right upper quadrant

-right lobe of liver and gall bladder

-right kidney

-right portion of S/L intestines

left upper quadrant

left lobe of liver, stomach, pancreas, left kidney, spleen, left portion of S/L intestines

right lower quadrant

cecum, appendix, right portion of S/L intestines, right ovary and ureter

left lower quadrant

left portions of S/L intestines, left ovary and ureter

cavities are lined with _______

membranes

what are membranes?

serous membranes. secreted serous fluid and is a flat sheet of tissue

membranes within thoracic cavity

-cavity wall lined with parietal pleurae

-lungs covered by visceral pleurae

-heart covered by visceral pericardium

membranes within abdominal cavity

-membrane=peritoneum

-mesentery=connects small intestines to abdominal wall

-falciform ligament=connect liver to the abdominal wall

-greater omentum=cover organs on anterior side