Chapter 3 Mendelian Inheritance

Pangenesis

Incorrect inheritance theory by Hippocrates

Blending

Blending hypothesis of inheritance

Mendel

Founder of genetics

Peas

Mendel’s model organism

Hybridization

Breeding different traits

Hybrid

Offspring of different parents

Character

Observable feature

Trait

Variant of character

True-breeder

Same trait each generation

Selfing

Self-fertilization

Crossing

Cross-fertilization

Anther

Male flower part

Single-cross

One trait cross

Parental

P generation

F1

First filial generation

F2

Second filial generation

Dominant

Expressed allele

Recessive

Masked allele

Particulate

Discrete inheritance

Gene

Unit of heredity

Allele

Gene variant

Homozygous

Same alleles

Heterozygous

Different alleles

Genotype

Allele makeup

Phenotype

Observable traits

Segregation

Allele separation

Gamete

Haploid sex cell

Punnett

Cross prediction grid

Genotypic

Allele ratios

Phenotypic

Trait ratios

3:01

Monohybrid ratio

Dihybrid

Two-trait cross

Linked

Together inheritance

Independent

Random assortment

9:3:3:1

Dihybrid ratio

Nonparental

New combinations

Recombination

New allele combos

Crossing-over

Chromosome exchange

Fork-line

Multi-gene method

Multiplication

Probability method

Loss-of-function

Defective allele

Recessive-inheritance

Often masked

Probability

Chance outcome

Product-rule

Multiply probabilities

Binomial

Unordered outcomes

Factorial

n! calculation

Chi-square

Goodness-of-fit test

Observed

Experimental data

Expected

Predicted data

Goodness

Model fit

Degrees

df categories

P-value

Probability measure

0.05

Rejection threshold

Sampling

Random error

Large-sample

Reduced error

Small-sample

Higher error

Independent-events

Unrelated outcomes

Congenital

Genetic condition

Drosophila

Model organism

Wild-type

Normal allele

Mutant

Altered allele

Plus-sign

NAME?

Monohybrid

Single gene cross

Dihybrid-cross

Two gene cross

Assortment

Allele distribution

Chromosome

Gene carrier

Statistic

Data analysis

Hypothesis

Testable idea

Fit

Data agreement

Inheritance

Trait transmission

Allelic

Gene variation

Offspring

Progeny