CSC 208 Final Exam Study Guide

Data Processing

One of the four basic functions a computer performs.

Data Storage

One of the four basic functions a computer performs.

Data Movement

One of the four basic functions a computer performs.

Control

One of the four basic functions a computer performs.

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

One of the four main structural components of a computer.

Main Memory

One of the four main structural components of a computer.

I/O Modules

One of the four main structural components of a computer.

System Interconnection

One of the four main structural components of a computer.

Interconnection Structure

A bus that connects the CPU, Memory, and I/O devices.

Principle of Locality

The tendency of a processor to access the same set of memory locations repetitively.

Temporal Locality

One form of the principle of locality.

Spatial Locality

One form of the principle of locality.

SRAM

Fast, expensive memory used for cache.

DRAM

Slower, cheaper memory used for main memory.

ROM

Non-volatile memory with permanent instructions.

Flash Memory

Non-volatile, erasable memory used in storage devices.

Cache Memory

High-speed memory between CPU and main memory.

Batch Processing

Jobs run one after another without user interaction.

Multiprogramming

Multiple programs loaded; CPU switches to another job when one is waiting.

Hamming Code Error Correction

A method to correct one-bit errors.

8-bit Signed Magnitude

Range: -127 to +127.

8-bit Two's Complement

Range: -128 to +127.

Assembly Language

Human-readable representation of machine instructions.

Instruction Length

Affects memory usage and CPU fetch efficiency.