Exam For Criminal Justice

Robbery

1.  Act of taking property from another person through force, threat of force or intimidation 

Larceny

1. Act of taking property from another person without the use of force 

Burglary

1. Breaking into or entering a structure without permission and the purpose being of committing a felony. 

Public Order Crime

Behavior that is labeled as criminal because it is contrary to shared social values, customs, and norms

Misdemeanor

1. Criminal offense that is not a felony and is punishable by a fine and/or a jail term or less than one year 

White Collar Crime

1. Nonviolent crime committed by business entities or individuals to gain a personal or business advantage

Criminal Justice System

1. a collection of agencies and processes that aim to control crime through law enforcement, the courts, and corrections. 

Prison 

1.  a building in which people are legally held as a punishment for a crime they have committed or while awaiting trial.

Jail

1. - a locally operated, short-term correctional facility for people awaiting trial, sentencing, or serving sentences of less than a year,

Felony

1.  A serious crime punishable by death or imprisonment for a year or longer 

Crime Control Model

1. an approach to the criminal justice system that prioritizes efficiently detecting, apprehending, and punishing offenders to maintain public order and social safety

Due Process Model

1. an approach to the criminal justice system that prioritizes the rights of the defendant, emphasizing fairness, accuracy, and procedural safeguards to protect individuals from governmental overreach

Recidivism

1. the tendency of a convicted criminal to reoffend.

JURISDICTION

The term jurisdiction is the legal authority or power of a court, law enforcement agency, or government to make decisions, enforce laws, and carry out justice within a certain area or over certain types of cases

3 components (areas) of the Criminal Justice System: 

1. Law Enforcement 

2. Courts 

3. Corrections 

3 branches of U.S. government

1. Legislative - makes laws and is composed of the U.S

2. Executive - Enforces and carries out the laws and is led by the president 

3. Judicial-  Evaluates laws and ensures they are consisted with

What is the term that defines the standard for Arrest in the Criminal Justice system

 Probable Cause which is the legal standard requires an officer to have reasonable belief, supported by facts and circumstances. 

if a defendant is arrested for a criminal charge, in order for a conviction to occur in Court the defendant what must the People demonstrate in the case?  (standard of proof to obtain a conviction).

Beyond A reasonable doubt

Distinguish the difference between civil and criminal court by comparing at least three factors which make them different from one another.

Civil is “Individual vs Individual”,“Business vs Individual” and "The Burden of proof” As for Criminal is “People of states Vs Individual", "Proof beyond a reasonable doubt” and lastly the punishments which are Jail,prison,probation,death or a fine. 

What is the difference between Causation and Correlation?

The difference Between Causation and Correlation is that Causation is the relationship between two variables that tend to move in the same direction and Correlation is a relationship between a change in a variable creates a recognizable change in another. 

What is UCR?

UCR stands for “Uniform Crime Reports” which is a set of annual reports compiled by the FBI to give an indication of criminal activity in the United States. 

How does the UCR classify Crime? Please list what is meant by Part 1 offenses.

 in part 1 offenses Murder,rape,robbery,larceny or theft, arson and motor vehicle theft.

The 4th amendment

Search and Seizure The

The 5th amendment

Double Jeopardy (Due Process)

The 8th Amendment

Cruel and unusual punishablement 

The 14th Amendment 

Due Process of Law 

Criminal Law

the body of law that defines criminal offenses and the legal consequences for committing them

Civil Law

the body of law that regulates disputes between private individuals or entities, focusing on areas like contracts, property, and family law, rather than criminal acts against the state.