TEAS Chemistry Essentials by Tyler Dewitt

Which of the following is true of liquids?

A. They have indefinite shape and indefinite volume

B. They have definite shape and indefinite volume

C. They have indefinite shape and definite volume

D. They have definite shape and definite volume

C. They have indefinite shape and definite volume

Which sample of water (H2O) contains particles with the highest kinetic energy?

A. Ice at -30 °C

B. Ice at -10 °C

C. Steam at 110 °C

D. Steam at 130 °C

D. Steam at 130 °C

The combination of temperature and pressure where a substance's solid, liquid, and gas phases can all simultaneously coexist is referred to as:

A. The critical point

B. The equilibrium point

C. The coincidence point

D. The triple point

D. The triple point

The diagram below depicts a particle-level view of which state change?

A. Sublimation

B. Deposition

C. Condensation

D. Freezing

B. Deposition

Which of the following samples are alkaline? (Select all that apply.)

A. Coffee: pH 5

B. Drain cleaner: pH 13

C. Distilled water: pH 7

D. Orange juice: pH 3

E. Toothpaste: pH 8

B. Drain cleaner: pH 13

E. Toothpaste: pH 8

A bond between which of the following elements would be covalent and polar?

A. Ca and Cl

B. O and H

C. C and H

D. Cl and Cl

B. O and H

A student obtains four beakers of water. Into each beaker, he adds one of the compounds below. Which compound, when mixed with water, will create a heterogeneous mixture?

A. C6H12O6

B. CaCl2

C. C2H5OH

D. C6H14

D. C6H14

Element X is a metal and element Y is a nonmetal. What happens when a chemical bond forms between them?

A. X and Y share electrons

B. X becomes a positive ion, and Y becomes a negative ion

C. X becomes a negative ion, and Y becomes a positive ion

D. X and Y both become positive ions

B. X becomes a positive ion, and Y becomes a negative ion

Which of the following represents the correct number of subatomic particles in an ion of sodium-23 with a +1 charge?

A. 11 protons, 12 neutrons, 10 electrons

B. 11 protons, 12 neutrons, 13 electrons

C. 11 protons, 23 neutrons, 10 electrons

D. 23 protons, 11 neutrons, 23 electrons

A. 11 protons, 12 neutrons, 10 electrons

Choose the set of subatomic particles that could be found in an anion.

A. 11 protons, 10 neutrons, 8 electrons

B. 12 protons, 14 neutrons, 12 electrons

C. 8 protons, 10 neutrons, 10 electrons

D. 7 protons, 8 neutrons, 6 electrons

C. 8 protons, 10 neutrons, 10 electrons

Choose the correct statements. (Select all that apply.)

A. Protons, neutrons, and electrons can be found in the nucleus

B. Protons and neutrons have similar mass

C. Electrons exist in orbitals

D. Neutrons have essentially zero mass

E. Protons and electrons have opposite charge

B. Protons and neutrons have similar mass

C. Electrons exist in orbitals

E. Protons and electrons have opposite charge

Which of the following are reactants in the chemical equation below? (Select all that apply.)

Na2CO3 + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H2O + CO2

A. Na2CO3

B. HCl

C. NaCl

D. H2O

E. CO2

A. Na2CO3

B. HCl

Consider the chemical formula below. Which of the following statements correctly describes the composition of this compound?

Ca2SO4

A. It consists of 4 elements and 8 atoms

B. It consists of 3 elements and 7 atoms

C. It consists of 3 elements and 6 atoms

D. It consists of 2 elements and 6 atoms

B. It consists of 3 elements and 7 atoms

A chemical in a cell increases the rate of a specific chemical reaction. This chemical is most likely composed of which of the following monomers?

A. Nucleotides

B. Amino acids

C. Monosaccharides

D. Fatty acids

B. Amino acids

Which of the following biological molecules would be least likely to dissolve in water?

A. Carbohydrates

B. Lipids

C. Nucleic acids

D. Proteins

B. Lipids

Which of the following is true of elements in group 1 of the periodic table?

A. They can achieve stability by gaining an additional valence electron

B. They can achieve stability by losing a valence electron

C. They have very high electronegativity

D. They have relatively low chemical reactivity

B. They can achieve stability by losing a valence electron

A neutral atom loses two electrons. What does it become?

A. A positively charged cation

B. A positively charged anion

C. A negatively charged cation

D. A negatively charged anion

A. A positively charged cation

An ion of Magnesium has 12 protons, 13 neutrons, and 10 electrons. What is its atomic number?

A. +2

B. 12

C. 13

D. 24

B. 12

An atom of oxygen has 6 protons, 8 neutrons, and 6 electrons. What number of subatomic particles could be found in a different isotope of oxygen?

A. 9 protons, 8 neutrons, 7 electrons

B. 8 protons, 6 neutrons, 8 electrons

C. 6 protons, 8 neutrons, 9 electrons

D. 6 protons, 6 neutrons, 6 electrons

D. 6 protons, 6 neutrons, 6 electrons

In the following reaction, which element loses 1 electron?

4 Na + CF4 → 4 NaF + C

A. Na

B. C

C. F

D. No element

A. Na

Which of the following elements regularly forms a 2- ion?

A. Iron (Fe)

B. Magnesium (Mg)

C. Oxygen (O)

D. Potassium (K)

C. Oxygen (O)

A student makes a mixture by dissolving 10.5 grams of copper sulfate (CuSO4) into 100 grams of water (H2O). Which of the statements correctly identify the solute, solvent, and solution?

A. H2O is solute, CuSO4 is solvent, mixture is solution

B. H2O is solvent, CuSO4 is solute, mixture is solution

C. H2O is solution, CuSO4 is solute, mixture is solvent

D. H2O is solvent, CuSO4 is solution, mixture is solute

B. H2O is solvent, CuSO4 is solute, mixture is solution

Choose the true statement about buffers below:

A. Carbonic acid (H2CO3) buffers pH because it can neutralize H+ ions

B. Phosphate buffer consists of NaH2PO4 and Na2HPO4, which are capable of neutralizing H+ and OH- ions

C. MOPS buffer is used in biochemistry experiments to allow pH to fluctuate

D. In the blood, a bicarbonate (HCO3-) buffer system facilitates the lowering of pH

B. Phosphate buffer consists of NaH2PO4 and Na2HPO4, which are capable of neutralizing H+ and OH- ions

A student is given samples of four different materials. She determines the volume and mass of each and records the data. Which sample has the highest density?

A. Sample 1

B. Sample 2

C. Sample 3

D. Sample 4

C. Sample 3

Consider the following reaction, which is a critical part of lipid metabolism. Which of the following explains the role of lipase in the reaction below?

A. It lowers the rate constant of the reaction by binding the substrates

B. It is consumed during the reaction to facilitate equilibrium

C. It regulates the reaction by adjusting the rates of forward and reverse reactions

D. It increases the rate of reaction by lowering activation energy

D. It increases the rate of reaction by lowering activation energy

Methane (CH4) combusts in the presence of oxygen gas. Choose the unbalanced chemical equation that correctly represents this reaction.

A. CH4 → H2O + CO2

B. CH + O → H2O + CO2

C. CH + O → H2 + CO

D. CH4 + O2 → H2O + CO2

D. CH4 + O2 → H2O + CO2

Choose the correct statement about enzymes.

A. Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering the rate constant

B. Enzymes bind substrates to increase rate of forward equilibrium

C. Enzymes increase the rate of a forward reaction, but not the rate of a reverse reaction.

D. Enzymes increase the rate of reaction by lowering activation energy

D. Enzymes increase the rate of reaction by lowering activation energy

Which of the following is an ionic compound?

A. H2O

B. CaF

C. C6H12O6

D. SO2

B. CaF

A solution at which pH will have the highest molar concentration of hydrogen ions?

A. pH 2

B. pH 5

C. pH 7

D. pH 10

A. pH 2

Glycerophospholipids are a class of chemical known as "amphipathic," because they contain sections that are both hydrophilic and hydrophobic. Which portion of a glycerophospholipid accounts for its hydrophilic character?

A. Carbon-hydrogen bonds

B. Fatty acid chains

C. Oxygen-hydrogen bonds in the phosphate head

D. Glycerol crosslinks

C. Oxygen-hydrogen bonds in the phosphate head