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What makes up the cardiovascular system?
The heart, blood, and blood vessels
Cardiac muscle makes up..
the bulk of the heart (provides force to pump heart)
What is the protective layer of the heart called?
the pericardial sac
What is the outermost layer of the pericardium?
fibrous pericardium
What is the innermost layer of the pericardium? (double-layered membrane)
Serous pericardium
What is the outermost layer of the heart?
Epicardium
The pericardial cavity separates…
the epicardium and serous pericardium
The middle muscular layer is called?
Myocardium
What is the layer that lines that heart?
Endocardium
The upper chambers of the heart are called?
the left and right atria (atrium)
The lower chambers of the heart are called?
the right and left ventricles
What separates the chambers internally?
The septum
How are the chambers separated externally?
by the coronary sulcus and interventricular sulci
The systemic system consists of..(in order)
Left ventricle > aortic semilunar valve > aortic arch > descending aorta > arteries > arterioles > Capillary bed (O2 and CO2 exchange) > venules > veins > cranial/inferior vena cava (repeat)
The pulmonary system consists of..(in order)
Right atrium > right AV valve > right ventricle > pul. SL valve > pul. artery > lungs > lobar arteries > arterioles > capillaries > Alveoli (CO2 and O2 exchanged) > capillaries > lobar vein > pul. vein > left atrium > left AV valve > left ventricle
The superior vena cava receives
deoxygenated blood from upper body (diaphragm-up)
The inferior vena cava receives
deoxygenated blood from lower body (lower limbs and abdominopelvic region)
The coronary sinus collects
deoxygenated blood from heart muscle and delivers to right atrium
The pulmonary trunk (right and left artery) carries..
deoxygenated blood to the lungs
The pulmonary veins (4) return..
oxygenated blood to the heart
The ascending aorta brings
oxygenated blood out to the body (systemic system starts)
The tricuspid valve is between
the right atrium and right ventricle
The bicuspid valve is between
the left atrium and the left ventricle
The thread-like bands of fibrous tissue that attach to ventricles are called?
Chordae tendineae
The atrioventricular valve consists of..?
the bicuspid and tricuspid valves
The semilunar valve consists of..?
the pulmonary and aortic valve
The pulmonary valve
