World War II (pg 1-4)

These flashcards cover key events and concepts from the lecture on World War II, including the U.S. involvement, key figures, and ideological conflicts.

What was the main reason for American isolationism in the 1930s?

Many Americans believed there was no justification for the U.S. to be involved in international conflicts, especially after the devastating impact of World War I.

What event led the U.S. to formally enter World War II?

The surprise attack by Japan on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, prompted the U.S. to join the war.

How did America’s military involvement affect its economy during World War II?

Massive government spending on the war effort boosted industrial production and helped lift the country out of the Great Depression.

What was the significance of the Atlantic Charter?

The Atlantic Charter was a pivotal policy statement in 1941 that defined the Allied goals for the post-war world, emphasizing self-determination and economic cooperation.

What two major ideologies were in conflict during the rise of fascism and World War II?

Fascism, characterized by totalitarian control and extreme nationalism, was in direct conflict with communism and democratic principles.

Who was the Italian dictator during World War II?

Benito Mussolini, who led Italy through a fascist regime.

What was Adolf Hitler's main aim for Germany in the lead-up to World War II?

Hitler sought to expand Germany’s territory and establish a 'master race.' He aimed to overturn the Treaty of Versailles and dominate Europe.

What was the outcome of the Munich Pact signed in 1938?

The Munich Pact allowed Hitler to annex the Sudetenland in exchange for a promise of no further territorial expansion, which he ultimately broke.

What was the Rape of Nanking?

A horrific episode during the Sino-Japanese War where Japanese soldiers committed widespread atrocities against civilians in Nanking, resulting in hundreds of thousands of deaths.

What was the significance of the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact?

This treaty between Germany and the Soviet Union allowed Hitler to invade Poland without fear of Soviet intervention, effectively dividing Eastern Europe between the two powers.

What was the impact of the United States’ Neutrality Acts?

The Neutrality Acts aimed to prevent American involvement in foreign wars by restricting trade and loans to warring nations.