Structural Determinants of Health - Video Lecture flashcards (Vocabulary)

Vocabulary-style flashcards covering key terms, models, and concepts from the Structural Determinants of Health lecture.

Structural determinants of health (StDOH)

The social, economic, and political mechanisms that generate or reinforce social stratification in society and shape health opportunities and inequities.

Social determinants of health (SDoH)

Conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age that influence health outcomes.

Social stratification

The hierarchical arrangement of individuals in society based on wealth, race, education, power, and related factors.

Basic causes

Upstream determinants (e.g., colonisation, racism, privilege, economic systems) that generate health inequities.

Surface causes

Immediate, observable factors (e.g., SES, ethnicity, gender) that connect basic causes to health outcomes.

Racism

Systematic, institutionalized prejudice and unequal treatment that impacts health outcomes.

Privilege

Unearned advantages conferred by social structures that affect access to resources and health opportunities.

Worldview (Paradigm)

The dominant set of beliefs and values that shape how groups are viewed and treated, influencing health outcomes.

Social transmission

Spread of information, behaviors, and practices within a group or society.

Stress (pathway)

Psychological or physiological strain resulting from discrimination, disadvantage, or systemic inequities that affects health.

Stereotype threat

Anxiety or performance impairment arising from awareness of negative stereotypes about a group.

Socioeconomic status (SES)

A composite measure of income, education, and occupation that determines access to resources and opportunities.

Morbidity

the frequency of occurrence of disease in a population over a specific period of time

Mortality

the frequency of death in a population over a specific period of time

Disability

Impairment or limitation that affects an individual’s ability to perform activities.

Mental health

State of psychological well-being and functioning influenced by social determinants.

Wellbeing

Overall quality of life, including physical, mental, and social well-being.

Health services access

Ability to obtain appropriate and timely health care.

Health services quality

Standards and effectiveness of care received in health services.

Health literacy

Ability to obtain, understand, and use health information to make informed decisions.

Williams model (1997)

A framework analyzing how race and related social factors influence health, including basic, surface, and intermediary pathways to outcomes.

Modified Williams Model

An adaptation of Williams' framework contextualized for Māori in Aotearoa (New Zealand) to explain ethnic health inequities.

Intervening mechanisms

Processes that link social status to health outcomes, such as stress, opportunities, resources, and access to services.

Responses level

• This is the area where much of the health research is focused

• Need to be contextualised within the basic causes

What response level includes

• behavioural response

• psychological response

• internalised racism

• stereotype threat

• physiological response

• resilience (collective & individual

Health outcomes level

• This is where we see the difference in health status

• Can measure, observe the inequities in health

Health outcomes include

• Morbidity

• Mortality

• Disability

• Mental Health

• Well-being

Social status level

• Social categories are created by the basic causes and are linked to health outcomes via the surface causes and responses

Social status include

• SES

• Ethnicity

• Gender/age/marital status

• Poor health status