Anatomy Unit 2

sacrum

ox coxae is aka

hip bone

ilium

anterior superior iliac spine

where hip bone attaches to sacrum

auricular surface

median sacral crest

anterior sacral foramina

tuberosity

large, raised, and often rough bump on a bone where muscles, tendons, or ligaments attach

ischium

ischium is also known as

sits bone

pubis

connects and creates hip joint

femoral head

one major bone of the thigh

femur

which side of the femur is rough

posterior

1. 
   

patella is aka

kneecap

what does the patella connect to (muscle group)

quads

which is thicker: tibia or fibula

tibia

is tibia medial or lateral

medial

medial malleolus

inside ankle bump

lateral malleolus

outside ankle bump

where patella connects to tibia

tibial tuberosity

medial/lateral condyles are above or below medial/lateral epicondyles?

below

tarsal bones (7)

Talus, Calcaneus, Navicular, Medial Cuneiform, Intermediate Cuneiform, Lateral Cuneiform, Cuboid

metatarsals

iliotibial tract (IT band)

connective tissue sheet surrounding muscles

fascia lata

medial rotation

big toes pointing forward

lateral rotation

big toes pointing out

hip flexion

lifting leg forward and straight

hip extension

normal anatomical position

most superficial gluteal muscle

gluteus maximus

3 gluteal muscles that are grouped together

gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, tensor fasciae latae

deep gluteal muscle

piriformis

gluteus maximus insertion

iliotibial tract

gluteus maximus action

extend hip

gluteus maximus innervation

inferior gluteal nerve

gluteus medius/minimus insertion

greater trochanter of femur

gluteus medius/minimus action

abduct hip

gluteus medius/minimus innervation

superior gluteal nerve

tensor facia latae (TFL)

tensor facia latae insertion

iliotibial tract

tensor facia latae action

hip flexion/abduction

tensor facia latae innervation

superior gluteal nerve

green

piriformis

piriformis insertion

greater trochanter of the femur

piriformis action

lateral hip rotation

region where intramuscular injections are done

superior lateral region

anterior hip muscles (2)

psoas major and iliacus

green and red

green: psoas major

red: iliacus

psoas major/iliacus insertion

lesser trochanter of femur

psoas major/iliacus action

flex hip

iliacus origin

iliac fossa

what separates psoas major and iliacus from iliopsoas

inguinal ligament

anterior thigh muscles (5)

• sartorius

• rectus femoris

• vastus medialis

• vastus lateralis

• vastus intermedius

anterior thigh muscles innervation

femoral nerve

sartorius origin

anterior superior iliac spine

sartorius insertion

medial surface of proximal tibia

sartorius action

flex hip and flex knee

sartorius innervation

femoral nerve

rectus femoris

rectus femoris origin

anterior inferior iliac spine

rectus femoris insertion

tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

rectus femoris action

extend knee

rectus femoris innervation

femoral nerve

vastus lateralis

vastus lateralis insertion

tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

vastus lateralis action

extend knee

vastus lateralis innervation

femoral nerve

vastus medialis

vastus medialis insertion

tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

vastus medialis action

extend knee

vastus medialis innervation

femoral nerve

vastus intermedius

vastus intermedius insertion

tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

vastus intermedius action

extend knee

vastus intermedius innervation

femoral nerve

gracilis

green

pectineus

green

adductor longus

green

adductor brevis

adductor magnus

gracilis insertion

medial surface of proximal tibia

gracilis action

adduct hip

gracilis innervation

obturator nerve

pectineus action

adduct hip

pectineus innervation (2)

femoral nerve & obturator nerve

adductor longus action

adduct hip

adductor longus innervation

obturator nerve

adductor brevis action

adduct hip

adductor brevis innervation

obturator nerve

adductor magnus innervation

adductor tubercle

adductor magnus action

adduct hip

adductor magnus innervation

obturator nerve

posterior innervation is always

tibial nerve

2 muscles

biceps femoris long head (right) and short head (left)

semitendinosus

semimembranosus

biceps femoris long muscle origin

ischial tuberosity

biceps femoris long head action

hip extension/knee flexion