toxicology

Toxicology

Study of poisons, adverse effects from chemical/physical agents

Poison

Substances which injures health or destroys life

Toxin

Naturally occurring and produced by living organisms

Descriptive

Details the poison and his effect

Mechanistic

Mechanism of toxicity

Clinical

Diagnosis and management

Regulatory

Establishes standard of safe exposure

Forensic

Manner of poisoning (accidental/intentional)

Environmental

Contaminants of environment; food toxicology

Occupational

Workplace poisons

Hypersensitivity

Exaggerated immune response

Idiosyncratic reaction

Abnormal genetically predetermined response

Teratogenicity

Ability to cause defects in fetus

Thalidomide

Originally for morning sickness

Its effect in a fetus is PHOCOMELIA (malformed limbs)

Warfarin

Causes FETAL WARFARIN SYNDROME

Tetracycline / Fluoroquinolones

Causes bone abnormalities and enamel hypoplasia

Methimazole

Causes aplasia cutis

Propylthiouracil (PTU)

1st preferred antithyroid

Lithium

Drug that causes Ebstein’s anomaly

Valproic acid and Carbamazepine

Causes neural tube defects (spina bifida)

Diethylstilbestrol (DES)

A synthetic estrogen. It causes cancer in vagina and cervix for female and infertility for male.