Social Statistics

Exam 1

Has a basic unit of measurement cant be sub-divided

Discrete

\# of people

Discrete Example

Whole integers

Discrete Example

Infinitely sub-divided

Continuous

Time

Continuous Example

Codes

Nominal Examples

Non-mathematical

Nominal Examples

Rank Order

Ordinal Examples

Opinion Surveys

Ordinal Example

Don’t know the distance between

Ordinal Examples

Difference constant

Interval Example

0 is arbitrary

Interval Example

Range + 1

Interval Width

F/N x 100

Percentage & Distribution

Stated limits

Interval-Ratio Graph

Midpoints

Interval-Ratio Graph

Frequency polygons

Midpoints Graph

Histograms

Real Limits Graph

\# of cases in 1st category

F1

\# of cases in 2nd category

F2

F1/F2

How to Find Ratio

\# of accidents/ pop

Rates

\# of deaths/pop x 1000

Crude Death Rate

\# of occurrences/ pop x 100,000

Theft Rates

Discrete

Pie Charts are

Discrete

Bar Charts are

Real limits

Histograms Include

Discrete & continuous

Histograms are

midpoints

Line Charts include

High-low or low-high

Median

N+1/2

Median Odd

Gives case #

Why N+1/2

N/2

Median Even

Gives 1st case #

Why N/2

Nominal

Use Mode

Ordinal

Use Median

Interval-ratio

Use Mean