FBIM words 9

"___ are locations with one or more access points providing wireless Internet access and are often in public places. Some are free or do not require any additional software to use; others may require activation and the establishment of a user account by providing a credit card number over the web. "

hotspots

The directory path and web page name are two more pieces of information within the web address that help the browser track down the requested page. Together, the address is called a ___. When typed into a browser, it tells the browser software exactly where to look for the information.

uniform resource locator

___ is the process of improving the quality and volume of web traffic to a website by employing a series of techniques that help a website achieve a higher ranking with the major search engines when certain keywords and phrases are put into the search field.

search engine optimization

Every device connected to the Internet (or another TCP/IP network) is assigned a unique ___ address consisting of a string of numbers.

internet protocol

___: Transferring files from computer to computer.

File transfer protocol (FTP)

___: Discussion groups on electronic bulletin boards.

newsgroups

"___: Person-to-person messaging; document sharing "

email

___: Logging on to one computer system and doing work on another.

telnet

___: Retrieving, formatting, and displaying information (including text, audio, graphics, and video) by using hypertext link

World Wide Web

__: interactive conversations

chatting and instant messaging

___ sites enable users to build communities of friends and professional colleagues. Members typically create a profile—a web page for posting photos, videos, audio files, and text—and then share these profiles with others on the service identified as their friends or contacts.

social networking

___ is a short-range wireless connectivity standard that uses electromagnetic radio fields to enable two compatible devices to exchange data when brought within a few centimeters of each other. A smartphone or other compatible device sends out radio frequency signals that interact with a tag found in compatible card readers or smart posters. The signals create a current that flows through the tag, allowing the device and the tag to communicate with one another.

Near Field communication (NFC)

The range of frequencies that can be accommodated on a particular telecommunications channel is called its ___. It is the difference between the highest and lowest frequencies that can be accommodated on a single channel. The greater the range of frequencies, the greater the channel's transmission capacity.

bandwidth

Network switches and routers have proprietary software built into their hardware for directing the movement of ___ on the network.

data

___ pulls specified content from websites and feeds it automatically to users' computers. Its reader software gathers material from the websites or blogs that you tell it to scan and brings new information from those sites to you. Such readers are available through websites such as Google and Yahoo, and they have been incorporated into the major web browsers and email programs.

Rich site summary

___: It enables client application programs to access the other layers and defines the protocols that applications use to exchange data. One of these application protocols is the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), which is used to transfer web page files.

application layer

___: It is responsible for addressing, routing, and packaging data packets called IP datagrams. The Internet Protocol is one of the protocols used in this layer.

internet layer

___: It is responsible for providing the Application layer with communication and packet services. This layer includes TCP and other protocols.

transport layer

___: It is responsible for placing packets on and receiving them from the network medium, which could be any networking technology

Network interface layer

___ is the popular name for the 802.15 wireless networking standard, which is useful for creating small personal area networks (PANs). It links up to eight devices within a 10-meter area using low-power, radio-based communication and can transmit up to 722 Kbps in the 2.4GHz band.

bluetooth

Most networks also contain a ___ acting as a connection point between the computers.

switch or a hub

___ are simple devices that connect network components, sending a packet of data to all other connected devices.

hubs

A ___ can filter and forward data to a specified destination on the network.

switch

A way for search engines to become more discriminating and helpful is to make search engines capable of understanding what we are really looking for. Called ___ search, the goal is to build a search engine that can really understand human language and behavior.

semantic

The 802.11 set of standards for wireless Local Area Networks (LANs) and wireless Internet access is also known as ___.

wi-fi

___ search is an effort to provide fewer, more relevant, and trustworthy search results based on a person's network of social contacts. In contrast to the top search engines that use a mathematical algorithm to find pages that satisfy your query, ___ search would highlight content that was created or touched by members of your social network.

social

A drawback of Wi-Fi networks is susceptibility to ___ (in the textbook p. 314, interference without 's') from nearby systems operating in the same spectrum, such as wireless phones, microwave ovens, or other wireless LANs. However, wireless networks based on the 802.11n standard solve this problem.

interference

In most Wi-Fi communication, wireless devices communicate with a wired LAN using ___. It is a box consisting of a radio receiver/ transmitter and antennas that links to a wired network, router, or hub

access point

A pervasive web that controls everything from a city's traffic lights and water usage, to the lights in your living room, to your car's rear view mirror, managing your calendar and appointments. This is referred to as the ___ and is based on billions of Internetconnected sensors throughout our physical world. Objects, animals, or people are provided with unique identifiers and the ability to transfer data over a network without requiring human-tohuman or human-to-computer interaction.

internet of things

A ___ signal is a discrete, binary waveform rather than a continuous waveform. Such signals communicate information as strings of two discrete states: 1 bits and 0 bits, which are represented as on-off electrical pulses. Computers use these signals and require a modem to convert them into signals that can be sent over (or received from) telephone lines, cable lines, or wireless media.

digital

The ___ converts domain names to IP addresses. Such servers maintain a database containing IP addresses mapped to their corresponding domain names. To access a computer on the Internet, users need only specify its domain name.

domain name system

"Presently, the Internet is ___; all Internet traffic is treated equally on a first-come, firstserved basis by Internet backbone owners. This arrangement prevents telecommunications and cable companies from charging differentiated prices based on the amount of bandwidth consumed by the content being delivered over the Internet. "

neutral

The ___ routes and manages communications on the network and coordinates network resources. It can reside on every computer in the network or primarily on a dedicated server computer for all the applications on the network.

network operating system

___: Up to 1,000 meters (a mile).

campus area network (CAN)

__: A city or metropolitan area

metropolitan area network (MAN)